Abstract

This paper considers processes of electric arc damping by automatic switches in the short-circuit mode. Certain conditions for facilitating a successful short-circuit arc damping are shown, such as the limitation of the short-circuit current amplitude by its active resistance, the reduction of the phase shift between current and voltage, and the amplitude loss in returning and restoring voltages. The article features oscillograms of currents and voltages in the short-circuit mode. Anode heating processes are also described within the framework of the process of arc burning (heat saturation mode) and after the change of polarity current transition through zero processes at the cathode in the temperature equalization mode. Mathematical models of processes at the cathode took into account the thermal flows of the ionic component and evaporation. The calculations were carried out with the average values of thermal coefficients for copper, as the arc base moves from contacts to contact holders, which are made of copper and its alloys. The results of the calculations proved the validity of the considered mathematical models of thermal processes at both the cathode and the anode.

中文翻译：

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短路电流切断时自动开关触点温度模式的研究

摘要

本文考虑了在短路模式下通过自动开关进行电弧阻尼的过程。示出了促进成功的短路电弧衰减的某些条件，例如短路电流幅度受其有源电阻的限制，电流和电压之间的相移减小以及返回和恢复电压的幅度损失。本文介绍了短路模式下电流和电压的波形图。阳极加热过程也在电弧燃烧过程（热饱和模式）的框架内进行描述，并且在极性改变之后，在温度均衡模式下，电流在阴极处通过零过程转变。阴极过程的数学模型考虑了离子组分的热流和蒸发。当电弧基座从触点移动到由铜及其合金制成的触点支架时，使用铜的热系数平均值进行计算。计算结果证明了所考虑的阴极和阳极热过程数学模型的有效性。