Wildfires can negatively affect ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungal communities. However, potential shifts in community structures due to wildfires have rarely been evaluated in the forests of eastern Eurasia, where surface fires are frequent. We investigated EM fungal communities in a Larix gmelinii-dominated forest that burned in 2003 in Zeya, in the Russian Far East. A total of 120 soil samples were collected from burned and adjacent unburned forest sites. The EM fungal root tips were morphotyped and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences were obtained for fungal identification. We detected 147 EM fungal operational taxonomic units, and EM fungal richness was 25% lower at the burned site than at the unburned site. EM fungal composition was characterized by the occurrence of disturbance-adapted fungi (Amphinema and Wilcoxina) at the burned site and late-successional fungi (Lactarius, Russula and Cortinarius) at the unburned site. These findings suggest that the EM fungal communities did not recover to pre-fire levels 16 years after the fire. Suillus species were the dominant EM fungi on L. gmelinii, with greater richness and frequency at the burned site. Both Larix and Suillus exhibit adaptive traits to quickly colonize fire-disturbed habitats. Frequent surface fires common to eastern Eurasia are likely to play important roles in maintaining Larix forests, concomitantly with their closely associated EM fungi.

野火会对外生菌根（EM）真菌群落产生负面影响。但是，在野火频发的欧亚大陆东部森林中，很少有人评估由于野火引起的社区结构的潜在变化。我们调查了Larix gmelinii为主的森林中的EM真菌群落，该森林于2003年在俄罗斯远东的Zeya燃烧。从烧过的和邻近的未烧森林现场收集了总共120个土壤样品。对EM真菌根尖进行形态分型，并获得内部转录间隔区（ITS）序列以进行真菌鉴定。我们检测到147个EM真菌操作分类单位，并且在燃烧部位，EM真菌的丰富度比未燃烧部位低25％。EM真菌成分的特征是发生适应干扰的真菌（烧伤部位有两栖动物和Wilcoxina），未烧伤部位有晚成功真菌（乳杆菌，红菇和Cortinarius）。这些发现表明，大火后16年，EM真菌群落没有恢复到大火前的水平。粘盖种类有上占主导地位的EM菌兴安落叶松，以更大的丰富性和频率被烧毁现场。无论落叶松和粘盖具有适应性状快速殖民统治火干扰的生境。欧亚大陆东部常见的频繁地面火灾可能在维护Larix方面起重要作用 森林，以及与其紧密相关的EM真菌。