It has been suggested that dysregulation of hormones is associated with schizophrenia (SCZ). This study aimed to measure the serum levels of progesterone and testosterone in 125 SCZ patients at different stages of treatment and 96 healthy control (HC) subjects. Our results showed that first-episode drug-free SCZ patients had significantly increased testosterone levels when compared with HC subjects, and chronic medication, but not short-term medication, further increased the serum testosterone levels in the patients. Further analysis suggested that the sex of the patients did not affect testosterone levels. In contrast, serum progesterone levels did not show significant differences between first-episode, drug-free SCZ patients and controls, and the antipsychotics increased progesterone levels in the male SCZ patients, but not female patients. Interestingly, our analyses demonstrated that the serum progesterone levels were negatively correlated with PANSS total score and PNASS positive score, suggesting a correlation between blood hormone levels and disease severity in SCZ patients. Taken together, our data showed differential changes in serum testosterone and progesterone levels in SCZ patients with or without antipsychotics, and our results suggest that increased sex hormone levels may be a defensive response to protect the human body under stress.

有人提出激素失调与精神分裂症 (SCZ) 相关。本研究旨在测量 125 名处于不同治疗阶段的 SCZ 患者和 96 名健康对照 (HC) 受试者的血清黄体酮和睾酮水平。我们的研究结果表明，与 HC 受试者相比，首次未服用药物的 SCZ 患者的睾酮水平显着升高，而长期服药而非短期用药会进一步升高患者的血清睾酮水平。进一步的分析表明，患者的性别不影响睾酮水平。相比之下，血清黄体酮水平在首发、未服用药物的 SCZ 患者和对照组之间没有显着差异，抗精神病药增加了男性 SCZ 患者的黄体酮水平，但女性患者没有。有趣的是，我们的分析表明，血清黄体酮水平与 PANSS 总分和 PNASS 阳性评分呈负相关，表明 SCZ 患者的血液激素水平与疾病严重程度之间存在相关性。综上所述，我们的数据显示服用或不服用抗精神病药的 SCZ 患者血清睾酮和黄体酮水平的差异变化，我们的结果表明，性激素水平升高可能是一种防御性反应，可在压力下保护人体。