ABSTRACT The objective of this experiment was to determine the effectiveness of soil solarization against two pathogenic soil fusaria, i.e. Fusarium solani and Fusarium oxysporum, causing wilt disease in guava. A thin polythene sheet was laid over moist soil surface for two hottest months of the year, i.e. May and June when proper sunlight prevails throughout the day. Treatment comprised in solarized and unsolarized plots (control) at different depths, i.e. 5, 10, and 15 cm on 10th 20th and 30th DOS. It was found that the population dynamics of both the pathogens were significantly reduced in solarized plots compared to unsolarized plots. Population of Fusarium solani at 5 cm depth in solarized plot was significantly reduced by 69.57% on 30th DOS followed by 58.22% and 57.08% on 20th and 10th day respectively at 54.4°C. whereas Population of Fusarium oxysporum at 5 cm depth was significantly reduced by 75.00% on 30th DOS in solarized plot followed by 63.83% and 49.25% on 20th and 10th day (P < .05) at 54.4°C. Significant improvement in reduction of Fusarium oxysporum propagules was found with the increase in duration and amount of heat compared to Fusarium solani. Present study suggests that temperature is a one of the considerable environmental factor that influences the microbial population in soil as the incubation period was increased.

中文翻译：

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土壤日晒：一种根除引起番石榴枯萎病的土壤镰刀菌的环保技术（Psidium Guajava）

摘要 本实验的目的是确定土壤日晒对导致番石榴枯萎病的两种病原性土壤镰刀菌（即枯萎病菌和尖孢镰刀菌）的有效性。一年中最热的两个月，即 5 月和 6 月，全天阳光充足的时候，将薄聚乙烯片铺在潮湿的土壤表面上。处理包括在第 20 次和第 30 次 DOS 的不同深度，即 5、10 和 15 厘米处的日晒和未日晒地块（对照）。结果发现，与未日晒地块相比，日晒地块中两种病原体的种群动态都显着降低。日晒地块中 5 cm 深度的 Fusarium solani 种群在第 30 次 DOS 时显着减少了 69.57%，然后在 54.4°C 下第 20 天和第 10 天分别减少了 58.22% 和 57.08%。而 5 cm 深度的尖孢镰刀菌种群在 54.4°C 下在第 30 次 DOS 下显着减少了 75.00%，然后在第 20 天和第 10 天减少了 63.83% 和 49.25%（P < .05）。与 Fusarium solani 相比，随着持续时间和热量的增加，尖孢镰刀菌繁殖体的减少显着改善。目前的研究表明，随着潜伏期的增加，温度是影响土壤中微生物种群的重要环境因素之一。