Abstract The freshwater family Siluridae occurs in Eurasia and is especially speciose in South and Southeast Asia, representing an important aquaculture and fishery targets. However, despite the restricted cytogenetic data, a high diploid number variation (from 2n=40 to 92) characterizes this fish group. Considering the large genomic divergence among its species, silurid genomes have experienced an enormous diversification throughout their evolutionary history. Here, we aim to investigate the chromosomal distribution of several microsatellite repeats in 12 Siluridae species and infer about their possible roles in the karyotype evolution that occurred in this group. Our results indicate divergent patterns of microsatellite distribution and accumulation among the analyzed species. Indeed, they are especially present in significant chromosome locations, such as the centromeric and telomeric regions, precisely the ones associated with several kinds of chromosomal rearrangements. Our data provide pieces of evidence that repetitive DNAs played a direct role in fostering the chromosomal differentiation and biodiversity in this fish family.

中文翻译：

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微卫星重复的比较染色体作图揭示了 12 种鲶科（Teleostei：鲶形目）物种的不同积累模式

摘要 淡水鲶科分布于欧亚大陆，尤其在南亚和东南亚分布广泛，是重要的水产养殖和渔业目标。然而，尽管细胞遗传学数据有限，但该鱼群的二倍体数量变异较高（从 2n=40 到 92）。考虑到其物种之间巨大的基因组差异，鲶科动物的基因组在其整个进化史上经历了巨大的多样化。在这里，我们的目标是研究 12 个鲶科物种中几个微卫星重复的染色体分布，并推断它们在该群体核型进化中的可能作用。我们的结果表明所分析物种之间微卫星分布和积累的不同模式。事实上，它们特别存在于重要的染色体位置，例如着丝粒和端粒区域，正是与几种染色体重排相关的区域。我们的数据提供了一些证据，证明重复 DNA 在促进该鱼类家族的染色体分化和生物多样性方面发挥了直接作用。