Weeds and weed control are major production costs in global agriculture, with increasing challenges associated with herbicide‐based management because of concerns with chemical residue and herbicide resistance. Non‐chemical weed management may address these challenges but requires the ability to differentiate weeds from crops. Harvest is an ideal opportunity for the differentiation of weeds that grow taller than the crop, however, the ability to differentiate late‐season weeds from the crop is unknown. Weed mapping enables farmers to locate weed patches, evaluate the success of previous weed management strategies, and assist with planning for future herbicide applications. The aim of this study was to determine whether weed patches could be differentiated from the crop plants, based on height differences. Field surveys were carried out before crop harvest in 2018 and 2019, where a total of 86 and 105 weedy patches were manually assessed respectively. The results of this study demonstrated that across the 191 assessed weedy patches, in 97% of patches with Avena fatua (wild oat) plants, 86% with Raphanus raphanistrum (wild radish) plants and 92% with Sonchus oleraceus L. (sow thistles) plants it was possible to distinguish the weeds taller than the 95% of the crop plants. Future work should be dedicated to the assessment of the ability of remote sensing methods such as Light Detection and Ranging to detect and map late‐season weed species based on the results from this study on crop and weed height differences.

中文翻译：

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比较作物和杂草高度，以便在收获时区分杂草斑块

杂草和杂草控制是全球农业的主要生产成本，由于担心化学残留物和抗除草剂性，基于除草剂的管理面临越来越多的挑战。非化学杂草管理可能解决了这些挑战，但需要具有将杂草与农作物区分开的能力。收获是分化比作物高的杂草的理想机会，但是，区分季末杂草和作物的能力尚不清楚。杂草制图使农民能够定位杂草斑块，评估以前的杂草管理策略是否成功，并协助规划未来的除草剂应用。这项研究的目的是基于高度差异来确定杂草斑块是否可以与农作物区分开。在2018年和2019年农作物收成之前进行了田野调查，其中分别手动评估了86和105个杂草斑块。这项研究的结果表明，在191个评估过的杂草斑块中，有97％的斑块具有燕麦植物（Avena fatua），萝卜萝卜（Raphanus raphanistrum）（野生萝卜）植物占86％，油菜（Sonchus oleraceus L.）占92％，因此可以区分高于95％作物的杂草。未来的工作应基于对作物和杂草高度差异的研究结果，评估诸如光检测和测距等遥感方法检测和绘制季末杂草种类的能力。