In Northern Europe, inter‐row hoeing has become a popular tactic for controlling weeds in organic cereals. Hoeing is highly effective and can be implemented from crop emergence until stem elongation to maintain a nearly weed‐free inter‐row zone. However, hoeing has a lesser effect on weeds growing in the intra‐row zone, where crop–weed proximity results in heightened competition. In the hoed cereal system, it is investigated whether tall‐growing, competitive, cruciferous weeds in the intra‐row zone affect crop biomass, yield and thousand kernel weight (TKW). An additive experimental design is employed to enable the fitting of rectangular hyperbolas, describing and quantifying the effects of increasing intra‐row surrogate weed density on crop growth parameters. Regressions were studied under the influence of crop (spring barley and spring wheat), row spacing (narrow [12.5 or 15.0 cm] and wide [25.0 cm]) and nitrogen rate (50 and 100 kg NH₄‐N/ha). Cruciferous surrogate weeds were found to impact crop yield and quality severely. For example, ten intra‐row plants/m² of surrogate weed Sinapis alba reduced grains yields by 7%–14% in spring barley and by 7%–32% in spring wheat with yield losses becoming markedly greater in wheat compared to barley as weed density increases. Compared to wheat, barley limited yield and quality losses and suppressed intra‐row weed growth more. Row spacing did not have a consistent effect on crop or weed parameters; in one of six experiments, the 25 cm row spacing reduced yields and increased intra‐row weed biomass in wheat. Nitrogen rate did not affect crop or weed parameters. Results warrant the implementation of additional tactics to control intra‐row weeds and limit crop losses.

中文翻译：

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行春季十字花科替代杂草生长对有机春季谷类作物产量的影响

在北欧，行间行已成为控制有机谷物中杂草的流行策略。e是非常有效的方法，可以从作物出苗到茎干延长进行，以维持几乎没有杂草的行间区。但是，行对行内区域生长的杂草的影响较小，在该行内作物与杂草的接近导致竞争加剧。在黑麦谷物系统中，研究行内区域中生长的，竞争性的十字花科杂草是否影响作物生物量，产量和千粒重（TKW）。采用累加实验设计来拟合矩形双曲线，描述并量化行内替代杂草密度增加对作物生长参数的影响。在作物（春季大麦和春季小麦）的影响下研究了回归，₄ -N / ha）。发现十字花科的替代杂草会严重影响作物的产量和质量。例如，替代杂草Sinapius alba 10行植物/ m ²在春季大麦中，谷物的单产降低了7％–14％，在春季小麦中，谷物的单产降低了7％–32％，随着杂草密度的增加，与大麦相比，小麦的单产损失明显增加。与小麦相比，大麦限制了产量和质量损失，并进一步抑制了行内杂草的生长。行距对作物或杂草参数没有一致的影响；在六个实验之一中，25 cm的行距降低了小麦的产量并增加了行内杂草的生物量。施氮量不影响作物或杂草参数。结果保证了采取其他策略来控制行内杂草和限制作物损失。