Scarcity, insecurity, and severe environmental impact of fossil fuel-based energy consumption have enthused the production and utilization of alternative energy resources. Biodiesel is identified as promising renewable energy that can substitute the petrol diesel consumption with numerous advantages. However, more than 95% of biodiesel is produced from edible oil crops, which jeopardizes the food supplies. As a result, exploring inexpensive and non-edible oil-bearing energy crops such as Jatropha curcas (Jatropha) has been the target of governments, researchers, industries, and policymakers. However, sustainable biodiesel production from this plant is not achieved yet due to various ecological, socioeconomic, legislative, and technological factors. Previous reports showed that the individual impact of those factors; however, all factors are strongly correlated, and the impact of one factor is significantly affected by the situation of other factors. Therefore, the present review is devoted to critically examine and discuss the sole and interactive effect of various factors affecting the cultivation of Jatropha for sustainable biodiesel production by reviewing more than 185 published articles. Various oil extraction and biodiesel production technologies and factors affecting the physicochemical properties of Jatropha oil and biodiesel were profoundly investigated. Moreover, the performance, combustion, and emission characteristic of diesel engines fuelled with Jatropha biodiesel were carefully reviewed and compared with petrol diesel. In conclusion, factors affecting the sustainable biodiesel production potential of Jatropha vary across growing regions due to variation in determinants, and the performance and emission characteristic of diesel engines fuelled with Jatropha biodiesel slightly differed from petrol diesel.

以矿物燃料为基础的能源消耗的稀缺性，不安全性和严重的环境影响，极大地刺激了替代能源的生产和利用。生物柴油被认为是有前途的可再生能源，可以替代汽油柴油，具有许多优势。但是，超过95％的生物柴油是由食用油作物生产的，这危害了食品供应。结果，探索了廉价且不可食用的含油能源作物，例如麻疯树（麻风树）已成为政府，研究人员，行业和政策制定者的目标。但是，由于各种生态，社会经济，法律和技术因素，尚未实现该工厂可持续的生物柴油生产。先前的报告表明这些因素对个人的影响；但是，所有因素都密切相关，而一个因素的影响会受到其他因素的影响。因此，本综述致力于通过回顾超过185篇发表的文章，严格审查和讨论影响麻风树栽培以实现可持续生物柴油生产的各种因素的唯一和交互作用。深入研究了各种石油提取和生物柴油生产技术以及影响麻疯树石油和生物柴油理化性质的因素。此外，还对使用麻疯树生物柴油燃料的柴油发动机的性能，燃烧和排放特性进行了仔细的审查，并将其与汽油柴油进行了比较。总而言之，由于决定因素的变化，影响麻风树可持续生物柴油生产潜力的因素在整个生长区域中各不相同，并且以麻风树生物柴油为燃料的柴油发动机的性能和排放特性与汽油柴油略有不同。