Previous work reveals that political orientation is a relevant social identity for many and the desire to conform to political ingroup norms can drive belief and behavior change. Because pro-environmental behaviors are viewed as stereotypically liberal in the US, American conservatives may be less likely to engage in pro-environmental behavior, particularly when political identity and normative information are made salient. In four studies, we examine whether heightening the salience of political identity and providing information that one is conforming to or failing to conform to political group norms influences engagement in a pro-environmental behavior (recycling). Study 1 showed that undergraduates falsely believed that liberal students at their university recycled more than conservatives. In turn, while liberal and moderate students’ self-reported recycling behavior was predicted by their perceptions of liberals’ (but not conservatives’) behavior, conservative students’ behavior was predicted by perceptions of other conservatives’ (but not liberals’) behavior. Studies 2–4 use a novel computerized recycling task and mouse-tracking software to examine whether, among politically conservative Americans, receiving feedback that their recycling behavior is inconsistent with stereotypic ingroup norms modifies behavior, motivates participants to “recycle” less in the computerized task. In Studies 2 (university student sample) and 3 (preregistered; MTurk worker sample), those who received this feedback adjusted their automatic, but not deliberate responses, although patterns differed slightly between studies. However, in Study 4 (preregistered), this effect was not found. Collectively, these studies suggest that inaccurate meta-beliefs may drive political polarization with respect to pro-environmental behavior, but inconsistencies in results across studies leave open questions about how they do so. This research also contributes to the literature by introducing new methodologies to study pro-environmental decision-making processes.

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政治内群体一致性和亲环境行为：评估来自调查和鼠标追踪实验的证据

以前的工作表明，政治取向对许多人来说是一种相关的社会身份，遵守政治内群体规范的愿望可以推动信仰和行为的改变。由于亲环境行为在美国被视为刻板的自由主义，美国保守派可能不太可能参与亲环境行为，特别是当政治身份和规范信息变得突出时。在四项研究中，我们研究了提高政治身份的显着性和提供符合或不符合政治团体规范的信息是否会影响参与亲环境行为（回收）。研究 1 表明，本科生错误地认为他们大学的自由派学生比保守派学生回收更多。反过来，虽然自由派和温和派学生的自我报告回收行为是通过他们对自由派（但不是保守派）行为的感知来预测的，但保守派学生的行为是通过对其他保守派（但不是自由派）行为的感知来预测的。研究 2-4 使用一种新颖的计算机化回收任务和鼠标跟踪软件来检查在政治保守的美国人中，是否收到反馈说他们的回收行为与刻板的内群体规范不一致，是否会改变行为，促使参与者在计算机化任务中减少“回收” . 在研究 2（大学学生样本）和研究 3（预注册；MTurk 工人样本）中，收到此反馈的人调整了他们的自动而非有意的反应，尽管研究之间的模式略有不同。然而，在研究 4（预注册）中，没有发现这个效果。总的来说，这些研究表明，不准确的元信念可能会导致在亲环境行为方面的政治两极分化，但跨研究结果的不一致给他们如何做到这一点留下了悬而未决的问题。这项研究还通过引入新的方法来研究有利于环境的决策过程，从而为文献做出贡献。