Uncontrolled hemorrhage often causes death during traumatic injuries and halting exsanguination topically is a challenge. Here, an efficient multimodal topical hemostat was developed by (i) ionically crosslinking chitosan and gelatin with sodium tripolyphosphate for (ii) fabricating a robust, highly porous xerogel by lyophilization having 86.7 % porosity, by micro-CT and large pores ∼30 µm by SEM (iii) incorporating 0.5 mg synthesized silica nanoparticles (SiNPs, 120 nm size, −22 mV charge) and 2.5 mM calcium in xerogel composite that was confirmed by FTIR analysis with peaks at 3372, 986 and 788 cm^-1, respectively. XPS analysis displayed the presence of SiNPs (Si2p peak for silicon) and calcium (Ca2p1, Ca2p3 transition peaks) in the composite. Interestingly, in silico percolation simulation for composite revealed interlinked 800 µm long-conduits predicting excellent absorption capacity and validated experimentally (640% of composite dry weight). The composite achieved >16-fold improved blood clotting in vitro than commercial Celox and Gauze through multimodal interaction of its components with RBCs and platelets. The composite displayed good platelet activation and thrombin generation activities. It displayed high compressive strength (2.45 MPa) and withstood pressure during application. Moreover, xerogel composite showed high biocompatibility. In vivo application of xerogel composite to lethal femoral artery injury in rats achieved hemostasis (2.5 min) significantly faster than commercial Celox (3.3 min) and Gauze (4.6 min) and was easily removed from the wound. The gamma irradiated composite was stable till 1.5 yr. Therefore, the xerogel composite has potential for application as a rapid topical hemostatic agent.

失控的出血通常会在外伤中导致死亡，而局部止血是一个挑战。在此，通过（i）壳聚糖和明胶与三聚磷酸钠离子交联开发了一种有效的多峰局部止血剂，用于（ii）通过冻干，微CT和约30 µm的大孔通过冻干制备坚固，高度多孔的干凝胶。 SEM（iii）在干凝胶复合材料中掺入0.5 mg合成的二氧化硅纳米颗粒（SiNPs，120 nm大小，-22 mV电荷）和2.5 mM钙，这通过FTIR分析得到了证实，其峰分别在3372、986和788 cm ^-1处。XPS分析显示复合物中存在SiNPs（硅的Si2p峰）和钙（Ca2p1，Ca2p3过渡峰）。有趣的是，计算机复合材料的渗流模拟显示了800 µm的相互连接的长导管，预测了优异的吸收能力，并进行了实验验证（占复合材料干重的640％）。通过其成分与RBC和血小板的多峰相互作用，该复合材料在体外的血凝作用比市售Celox和Gauze改善了16倍以上。该复合材料显示出良好的血小板活化和凝血酶生成活性。在使用过程中，它表现出很高的抗压强度（2.45 MPa）和耐压性。此外，干凝胶复合材料显示出高生物相容性。体内将干凝胶复合物用于大鼠致命性股动脉损伤的止血（2.5分钟）明显快于市售Celox（3.3分钟）和纱布（4.6分钟），并且很容易从伤口上清除。伽马射线辐照的复合材料稳定至1.5年。因此，干凝胶复合材料具有作为快速局部止血剂应用的潜力。