The rational design and fabrication of ordered mesoporous materials with highly exposed surface area are of great significance to address the fundamental challenges in electrochemistry-related applications by providing more active sites and fast ion/gas diffusion channel. In this work, a self-template method is reported to prepare hollow-structured mesoporous carbon (HOMC) nanoplates by depositing resol-F127 micelles onto the surface of metal-organic-framework (MOF) nanoplates, followed by hydrothermal reaction and carbonization. The parameters influencing the morphology and microstructure of the HOMC materials, i.e., the MOF-to-resol-F127 ratio and the concentration of resol-F127 micelles, are systematically investigated. Fe-doped HOMC (Fe/HOMC-1000) is obtained after carbonization, as a result from adding FeCl₃ during the hydrothermal reaction. Benefiting from morphological aspects, such as the nanoplate shape, the hollow structure, and mesoporous walls, the Fe/HOMC-1000 exhibits higher electrocatalytic activity and efficiency than the commercial Pt/C during oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). In addition, the better durability and higher tolerance to methanol of Fe/HOMC-1000 than Pt/C indicate the advantages of Fe/HOMC-1000 in the ORR application. The assembled Zn-air battery demonstrates high power densities with excellent cycling stability. The strategy proposed here can provide a new avenue for the design of ordered mesoporous materials with hollow structure for a wide variety of applications.

通过提供更多的活性位点和快速的离子/气体扩散通道，合理设计和制造具有高暴露表面积的有序介孔材料对于解决电化学相关应用中的基本挑战具有重要意义。在这项工作中，据报道一种自模板方法通过将resol-F127胶束沉积到金属有机骨架（MOF）纳米板的表面上，然后进行水热反应和碳化来制备中空结构的介孔碳（HOMC）纳米板。影响HOMC材料的形态和微观结构的参数，即，系统地研究了MOF与resol-F127的比例和resol-F127胶束的浓度。碳化后，由于添加了FeCl ₃而获得了掺铁的HOMC（Fe / HOMC-1000）在水热反应过程中。受益于形态方面，例如纳米板形状，中空结构和中孔壁，Fe / HOMC-1000在氧还原反应（ORR）期间显示出比市售Pt / C高的电催化活性和效率。此外，Fe / HOMC-1000的耐久性和对甲醇的耐受性均优于Pt / C，这表明Fe / HOMC-1000在ORR应用中具有优势。组装好的Zn-空气电池具有高功率密度和出色的循环稳定性。本文提出的策略可以为中空有序结构的有序介孔材料的设计提供新的途径，以用于各种应用。