A clear understanding of the nature of the pre-eruptive magnetic field configurations of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) is required for understanding and eventually predicting solar eruptions. Only two, but seemingly disparate, magnetic configurations are considered viable; namely, sheared magnetic arcades (SMA) and magnetic flux ropes (MFR). They can form via three physical mechanisms (flux emergence, flux cancellation, helicity condensation) . Whether the CME culprit is an SMA or an MFR, however, has been strongly debated for thirty years. We formed an International Space Science Institute (ISSI) team to address and resolve this issue and report the outcome here. We review the status of the field across modeling and observations, identify the open and closed issues, compile lists of SMA and MFR observables to be tested against observations and outline research activities to close the gaps in our current understanding. We propose that the combination of multi-viewpoint multi-thermal coronal observations and multi-height vector magnetic field measurements is the optimal approach for resolving the issue conclusively. We demonstrate the approach using MHD simulations and synthetic coronal images. Our key conclusion is that the differentiation of pre-eruptive configurations in terms of SMAs and MFRs seems artificial. Both observations and modeling can be made consistent if the pre-eruptive configuration exists in a hybrid state that is continuously evolving from an SMA to an MFR. Thus, the 'dominant' nature of a given configuration will largely depend on its evolutionary stage (SMA-like early-on, MFR-like near the eruption).

中文翻译：

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解码日冕物质抛射的喷发前磁场配置

需要清楚地了解日冕物质抛射 (CME) 的喷发前磁场配置的性质，才能理解并最终预测太阳爆发。只有两种但看似不同的磁性配置被认为是可行的；即剪切磁拱（SMA）和磁通绳（MFR）。它们可以通过三种物理机制（通量出现、通量抵消、螺旋凝聚）形成。然而，CME 的罪魁祸首是 SMA 还是 MFR，三十年来一直存在激烈争论。我们成立了一个国际空间科学研究所 (ISSI) 团队来解决和解决这个问题，并在此处报告结果。我们通过建模和观察来审查该领域的状态，确定开放和封闭的问题，编制 SMA 和 MFR 可观察值列表，以根据观察结果进行测试，并概述研究活动以缩小我们当前理解中的差距。我们建议将多视点多热日冕观测和多高度矢量磁场测量相结合是最终解决问题的最佳方法。我们使用 MHD 模拟和合成日冕图像演示了该方法。我们的主要结论是，就 SMA 和 MFR 而言，喷发前配置的区分似乎是人为的。如果喷发前配置存在于从 SMA 到 MFR 不断演变的混合状态中，则观察和建模都可以保持一致。因此，给定配置的“主导”性质将在很大程度上取决于其进化阶段（类似 SMA 的早期，