As an important class of flavonoids, anthocyanin has been used to enhance plant-defensive mechanisms against heavy metal stress. However, there are few available reports regarding surface spraying of anthocyanin for reduction of Cd poisoning in rice and its practical applications in paddy fields. After rice growing, measurements were taken of rice growth, pigments, the antioxidant system, thiol compounds, and distribution of Cd in rice tissues. The results showed that surface spraying anthocyanin could promote rice growth, and relative to the control, total chlorophyll significantly increased by 22.62% after surface spraying of 7.5 g L⁻¹ anthocyanin. Simultaneously, Cd accumulation in rice grains was 0.17 ± 0.02 mg kg⁻¹, which was significantly decreased by 46.88% relative to the control. In the pot experiment (40-day-old rice), treatment with 7.5 g L⁻¹ anthocyanin resulted in decreases of ·O₂⁻, H₂O₂, and malondialdehyde contents in rice leaves, while the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase were increased by 59.10, 23.81, 41.75, and 9.39%, respectively. Meanwhile, contents of glutathione, ascorbic acid, non-protein thiols, and phytochelatins showed respective increases of 7.24, 14.49, 42.81, and 41.13% compared with the control value. Subcellular analysis revealed that surface spraying of anthocyanin increased organelle and soluble fractions of Cd in leaf cells. In conclusion, surface spraying of 7.5 g L⁻¹ anthocyanin was mainly attributed to increased antioxidant activities and subcellular sequestration of Cd in organelles and soluble fractions in rice leaves to reduce Cd accumulation in rice grains in the field.

花青素作为一类重要的类黄酮，已被用于增强植物防御重金属胁迫的机制。然而，关于减少水稻中Cd中毒的花色苷表面喷雾及其在稻田中的实际应用的报道很少。水稻生长后，对水稻生长，色素，抗氧化剂系统，硫醇化合物以及镉在水稻组织中的分布进行了测量。结果表明，表面喷施花青素可促进水稻生长，相对于对照，喷施7.5 g L ^-1花青素后叶绿素总量显着增加22.62％。同时，水稻籽粒中Cd的积累为0.17±0.02 mg kg ^-1，相对于对照组，明显降低了46.88％。在盆栽试验（40天龄的稻），治疗7.5克L- ^-1花青素导致的·O2降低₂ ^-，H ₂ ö ₂和稻米中的丙二醛含量，而超氧化物歧化酶，过氧化物酶，过氧化氢酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶的活性分别增加了59.10％，23.81、41.75和9.39％。同时，谷胱甘肽，抗坏血酸，非蛋白硫醇和植物螯合素的含量分别比对照组增加了7.24％，14.49％，42.81％和41.13％。亚细胞分析表明，花青素的表面喷洒增加了叶细胞中镉的细胞器和可溶性分数。总之，表面喷洒7.5 g L ^-1花色苷的主要原因是提高了抗氧化活性和细胞器中Cd的亚细胞螯合以及水稻叶片中的可溶性部分，从而减少了田间水稻籽粒中Cd的积累。