We report the hydrothermal growth of pure and doped TiO₂ nanoparticles with different concentrations of carbon. The microstructure of the as-synthesized samples is characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Raman spectroscopy to understand the structure and composition. The XRD patterns confirm the formation of anatase phase of TiO₂ with the average crystallite size is calculated to be in the range of 13 nm to 14.7 nm. The functional groups of these nanostructures are characterized by Fourier transformed infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, which further confirms the single anatase phase of the synthesized nanostructures. UV-visible absorption spectroscopy is used to understand the absorption behavior, which shows modification in the optical bandgap from 3.13 eV (pure TiO₂) to 3.74 eV (1.2 mol% C-doped TiO₂). Furthermore, the Ti³⁺ centers associated with oxygen vacancies are identified using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR).

我们报告了具有不同碳浓度的纯的和掺杂的 TiO ₂纳米粒子的水热生长。合成样品的微观结构通过 X 射线衍射 (XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜 (FESEM)、能量色散 X 射线光谱 (EDX) 和拉曼光谱进行表征，以了解其结构和组成。XRD图证实了TiO _{2锐钛矿相的形成}平均微晶尺寸计算为在 13 nm 至 14.7 nm 范围内。这些纳米结构的官能团通过傅里叶变换红外 (FT-IR) 光谱进行表征，进一步证实了合成纳米结构的单一锐钛矿相。紫外-可见吸收光谱用于了解吸收行为，其表明光学带隙从 3.13 eV（纯 TiO ₂）变为 3.74 eV（1.2 mol% C 掺杂的 TiO ₂）。此外，与氧空位相关的Ti ³⁺中心使用电子顺磁共振光谱（EPR）来识别。