Abstract:
Salvia miltiorrhiza: (Danshen) is a significant (traditional Chinese medication) natural remedy, enhancing blood circulation and clear blood stasis. In this view, it is widely used against several heart diseases, eg, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia, and congenital heart defects. Tanshinone IIA (tan-IIA) is the main fat-soluble component of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Modern pharmacological study shows that tan-IIA has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities. Tan-IIA induces remarkable cardioprotective effects via enhancing angiogenesis which may serve as an effective treatment against cardiovascular diseases (CVD). There is also evidence that tan-IIA has extensive immunomodulatory effects and plays a significant role in the development and function of immune cells. Tan-IIA reduces the production of inflammatory mediators and restores abnormal signaling pathways via regulating the function and activation of immune cells. It can also regulate signal transduction pathways, ie, TLR/NF-κB pathway and MAPKs/NF-κB pathway, thereby tan-IIA has an anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, antithrombotic and neuroprotective role. It plays a protective role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disorders (ie, atherosclerosis, hypertension) and Alzheimer’s disease. It has also been revealed that tan-IIA has an anti-tumor role by killing various tumor cells, inducing differentiation and apoptosis, and has potential activity against carcinoma progression. In the review of this fact, the tan-IIA role in different diseases and its mechanism have been summarized while its clinical applications are also explored to provide a new perspective of Salvia miltiorrhiza. An extensive study on the mechanism of action of tan-IIA is of great significance for the effective use of Chinese herbal medicine and the promotion of its status and influence on the world.

Keywords: tanshinone-IIA, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer’ disease, cancer, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative


中文翻译：

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丹参酮IIA在相关疾病中的药理活性及作用机制

摘要：
丹参：（丹参）是一种重要的（传统中药）自然疗法，具有活血化瘀的功效。从这个角度来看，它被广泛用于治疗多种心脏病，例如心肌病、心律失常和先天性心脏缺陷。丹参酮IIA（tan-IIA）是丹参的主要脂溶性成分. 现代药理研究表明，tan-IIA具有抗炎和抗氧化活性。Tan-IIA 通过增强血管生成诱导显着的心脏保护作用，可作为心血管疾病 (CVD) 的有效治疗方法。还有证据表明，tan-IIA 具有广泛的免疫调节作用，并在免疫细胞的发育和功能中发挥重要作用。Tan-IIA 通过调节免疫细胞的功能和激活，减少炎症介质的产生并恢复异常信号通路。它还可以调节信号转导通路，即TLR/NF-κB通路和MAPKs/NF-κB通路，从而tan-IIA具有抗炎、抗凝、抗血栓形成和神经保护作用。它在心血管疾病的发病机制中起保护作用（即，动脉粥样硬化、高血压）和阿尔茨海默病。研究还表明，tan-IIA 通过杀死各种肿瘤细胞、诱导分化和凋亡而具有抗肿瘤作用，并且具有抗癌进展的潜在活性。在回顾这一事实的过程中，总结了 tan-IIA 在不同疾病中的作用及其机制，同时也探索了其临床应用，为 tan-IIA 提供了一个新的视角。丹参。深入研究tan-IIA的作用机制，对于有效利用中草药，提升其在世界上的地位和影响具有重要意义。

关键词：丹参酮-IIA，动脉粥样硬化，阿尔茨海默病，癌症，抗炎，抗氧化