Special attention should be devoted to the stability of the perovskite solar cells, which is a major limitation affecting their commercialization. The stabilities against moisture and light have been substantially improved by optimizing the charge-transporting layer and utilizing encapsulation techniques; however, thermal stability has not yet been secured. Herein, we report a novel approach involving metal oxide nanoparticles infiltrated by hole-transporting materials to enhance device stability. Unlike conventional methods that prevent the thermal decomposition of perovskite, we intend to eliminate the main cause of efficiency drop by dissipating the heat accumulated inside the device. In particular, we observe that metal oxide nanoparticles can effectively reduce the device temperatures and maintain the morphology of hole-transporting materials because of their high thermal conductivity and porous scaffold structure. The experiments demonstrate that our devices without encapsulation retained 91% of their initial efficiency after 31 days at 85 °C and 85% relative humidity, which is the condition to simulate a real operating environment. These results show significant potential for the development of highly stable perovskite solar cells with reasonable efficiency.

中文翻译：

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散热对平面钙钛矿太阳能电池稳定性的影响

应特别注意钙钛矿太阳能电池的稳定性，这是影响其商业化的主要限制。通过优化电荷传输层并利用封装技术，大大提高了防潮和防潮性能。然而，尚未确保热稳定性。在这里，我们报告了一种新颖的方法，该方法涉及通过空穴传输材料渗透的金属氧化物纳米颗粒，以增强器件的稳定性。与防止钙钛矿热分解的传统方法不同，我们打算通过散发设备内部积聚的热量来消除效率下降的主要原因。尤其是，我们观察到，由于金属氧化物纳米颗粒的高导热性和多孔支架结构，它们可以有效地降低器件温度并保持空穴传输材料的形态。实验表明，没有封装的我们的设备在85°C和相对湿度85％的情况下运行31天后仍保持了91％的初始效率，这是模拟真实工作环境的条件。这些结果显示出以合理的效率开发高度稳定的钙钛矿太阳能电池的巨大潜力。这是模拟真实操作环境的条件。这些结果显示出以合理的效率开发高度稳定的钙钛矿太阳能电池的巨大潜力。这是模拟真实操作环境的条件。这些结果显示出以合理的效率开发高度稳定的钙钛矿太阳能电池的巨大潜力。