ABSTRACT

Farm work is considered among the highest risk jobs throughout the world. Occupational health behavior is a critical factor that influences agricultural job-related injuries and diseases. Yet, while educational programs have been set up to encourage farmers to behave more safely, many of these programs do not sufficiently take into account the factors that induce farmers to exhibit risky behavior. The present study aimed to explore the factors underpinning farmers’ occupational health behavior using the Health Belief Model (HBM). The study was conducted using aquestionnaire survey of 382 farmers representative of the farmers of Kermanshah province, Iran. The face and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by apanel of experts in occupational health, and its reliability by apilot study establishing internal consistency measured by Cronbach’s alpha. The results showed that four dimensions of the HBM (perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, cues to action, and perceived self-efficacy) influence farmers’ occupational health behavior (FOHB), with the theoretical model accounting for 54.9% of the variance of FOHB. The findings confirm the potential of the HBM to explain FOHB and the relevance of using the theory in studying farmers’ protective behaviors such as the use of chemical pesticides, protection against sunlight, protection of hearing, etc.

摘要

农场工作被认为是全世界风险最高的工作之一。职业健康行为是影响农业工作相关伤害和疾病的关键因素。然而，虽然已经设立了教育计划来鼓励农民更安全地行事，但其中许多计划并没有充分考虑诱使农民表现出危险行为的因素。本研究旨在利用健康信念模型 (HBM) 探讨影响农民职业健康行为的因素。该研究是对代表伊朗克尔曼沙赫省农民的 382 名农民进行的问卷调查进行的。问卷的表面效度和内容效度经职业健康专家小组确认，其可靠性是通过建立由 Cronbach's alpha 衡量的内部一致性的试点研究得出的。结果表明，HBM的四个维度（感知易感性、感知收益、行动线索和感知自我效能感）影响农民的职业健康行为（FOHB），理论模型占FOHB方差的54.9%。研究结果证实了 HBM 解释 FOHB 的潜力以及使用该理论研究农民保护行为的相关性，例如使用化学农药、防晒、保护听力等。理论模型占FOHB方差的54.9%。研究结果证实了 HBM 解释 FOHB 的潜力以及使用该理论研究农民保护行为的相关性，例如使用化学农药、防晒、保护听力等。理论模型占FOHB方差的54.9%。研究结果证实了 HBM 解释 FOHB 的潜力以及使用该理论研究农民保护行为的相关性，例如使用化学农药、防晒、保护听力等。