ABSTRACT

Introduction: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), a histopathologic subtype of esophageal cancer is a major cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. This is primarily because patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage by the time symptoms appear. The genomics and mass spectrometry-based proteomics continue to provide important leads toward biomarker discovery for ESCC. However, such leads are yet to be translated into clinical utilities.

Areas covered: We gathered information pertaining to proteomics and proteogenomics efforts in ESCC from the literature search until 2020. An overview of omics approaches to discover the candidate biomarkers for ESCC were highlighted. We present a summary of recent investigations of alterations in the level of gene and protein expression observed in biological samples including body fluids, tissue/biopsy and in vitro-based models.

Expert opinion: A large number of protein-based biomarkers and therapeutic targets are being used in cancer therapy. Several candidates are being developed as diagnostics and prognostics for the management of cancers. High-resolution proteomic and proteogenomic approaches offer an efficient way to identify additional candidate biomarkers for diagnosis, monitoring of disease progression, prediction of response to chemo and radiotherapy. Some of these biomarkers can also be developed as therapeutic targets.

摘要

简介：食管鳞状细胞癌 (ESCC) 是食管癌的一种组织病理学亚型，是全球癌症相关发病率和死亡率的主要原因。这主要是因为患者在症状出现时被诊断为晚期。基于基因组学和质谱的蛋白质组学继续为 ESCC 的生物标志物发现提供重要线索。然而，这些线索尚未转化为临床效用。

涵盖的领域：我们从文献搜索到 2020 年收集了有关 ESCC 中蛋白质组学和蛋白质基因组学工作的信息。重点介绍了发现 ESCC 候选生物标志物的组学方法概述。我们总结了最近对生物样品中观察到的基因和蛋白质表达水平变化的调查，包括体液、组织/活检和基于体外的模型。

专家意见：大量基于蛋白质的生物标志物和治疗靶点正在用于癌症治疗。正在开发几种候选药物作为癌症管理的诊断和预后药物。高分辨率蛋白质组学和蛋白质基因组学方法提供了一种有效的方法来识别其他候选生物标志物，用于诊断、监测疾病进展、预测对化疗和放疗的反应。其中一些生物标志物也可以开发为治疗靶点。