Yersinia enterocolotica is an important causative agent of diarrheal illness. A systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies were performed to determine the main risk factors associated with sporadic Y. enterocolitica infections. Suitable scientific articles published between 1987 and 2017 were identified through a systematic literature search and subject to methodological quality assessment. From each study, odds ratios (OR) were extracted or calculated, as well as study characteristics such as population type, design, type of model used and risk factor categorization. Mixed-effects meta-analytical models were adjusted by population type to appropriate data partitions. From 807 identified references, the quality assessment stage was passed by 14 case-control studies focusing on sporadic Y. enterocolitica infections which provided 165 ORs for meta-analysis. All studies considered Y. enterocolitica as the cause of sporadic infections and are mainly located in Europe.

The meta-analysis identified host-specifics factors, animal and food exposures as significant risk factors. The meta-analysis confirms the predominant role of the pig reservoir. The occupational contact with pigs and the consumption of pork meat are significantly associated with sporadic Y. enterocolitica infections occurrence. The consumption of raw or undercooked pork meat is also a very important risk factor. Untreated drinking water was also identified as risk factor. Further studies with other enteropathogenic Yersinia species, especially Y. pseudotuberculosis, and/or from other continents would help to refine conclusions of the meta-analysis of the risk factors of yersiniosis.

小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌是腹泻病的重要病原。进行了病例对照研究的系统评价和荟萃分析，以确定与散发性小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌相关的主要危险因素感染。通过系统检索文献并进行方法学质量评估，确定了1987年至2017年之间发表的合适科学文章。从每项研究中，提取或计算优势比（OR）以及研究特征，例如人口类型，设计，使用的模型类型和风险因素分类。根据人群类型将混合效应的荟萃分析模型调整为适当的数据分区。从807个已鉴定参考文献中，质量评估阶段通过了14个针对散发性小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌感染的病例对照研究，这些研究为荟萃分析提供了165个OR。所有研究都认为小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌是偶发感染的原因，并且主要位于欧洲。

荟萃分析确定了宿主特异性因素，动物和食物暴露为重要的危险因素。荟萃分析证实了猪水库的主要作用。与猪的职业接触和猪肉的消耗与零星的小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌感染的发生显着相关。食用生猪肉或未煮熟的猪肉也是一个非常重要的危险因素。未经处理的饮用水也被确定为危险因素。对其他肠致病性耶尔森氏菌物种，特别是假结核耶尔森氏菌，和/或其他大陆的进一步研究，将有助于完善对耶尔森病危险因素的荟萃分析的结论。