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Blind spot and visual field anisotropy detection with flicker pupil perimetry across brightness and task variations
Vision Research ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-05 , DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2020.10.005
Brendan L Portengen 1 , Carlien Roelofzen 2 , Giorgio L Porro 3 , Saskia M Imhof 3 , Alessio Fracasso 4 , Marnix Naber 5
Affiliation  

The pupil can be used as an objective measure for testing sensitivities across the visual field (pupil perimetry; PP). The recently developed gaze-contingent flicker PP (gcFPP) is a promising novel form of PP, with improved sensitivity due to retinotopically stable and repeated flickering stimulations, in a short time span. As a diagnostic tool gcFPP has not yet been benchmarked in healthy individuals. The main aims of the current study were to investigate whether gcFPP has the sensitivity to detect the blind spot, and upper versus lower visual field differences that were found before in previous studies. An additional aim was to test for the effects of attentional requirements and background luminance. A total of thirty individuals were tested with gcFPP across two separate experiments. The results showed that pupil oscillation amplitudes were smaller for stimuli presented inside as compared to outside the blind spot. Amplitudes also decreased as a function of eccentricity (i.e., distance to fixation) and were larger for upper as compared to lower visual fields. We measured the strongest and most sensitive pupil responses to stimuli presented on dark- and mid-gray backgrounds, and when observers covertly focused their attention to the flickering stimulus. GcFPP thus evokes pupil responses that are sensitive enough to detect local, and global differences in pupil sensitivity. The findings further encourage (1) the use of a gray background to prevent straylight without affecting gcFPPs sensitivity and (2) the use of an attention task to enhance pupil sensitivity.



中文翻译:

盲点和视野各向异性检测,闪烁瞳孔视野跨亮度和任务变化

瞳孔可用作测试整个视野(瞳孔视野;PP)灵敏度的客观测量。最近开发的注视随机闪烁 PP (gcFPP) 是一种很有前途的新型 PP,由于在短时间内视网膜稳定和重复闪烁刺激,灵敏度提高。作为一种诊断工具,gcFPP 尚未在健康个体中进行基准测试。当前研究的主要目的是调查 gcFPP 是否具有检测盲点的敏感性,以及之前研究中发现的上下视野差异。另一个目的是测试注意力要求和背景亮度的影响。在两个独立的实验中,总共有 30 个人接受了 gcFPP 的测试。结果表明,与盲点外部相比,内部呈现的刺激的瞳孔振荡幅度较小。振幅也随着离心率(即到注视的距离)而降低,并且与下部视野相比,上部视野更大。我们测量了瞳孔对暗灰色和中灰色背景中呈现的刺激的最强和最敏感的反应,以及当观察者暗中将注意力集中在闪烁的刺激上时。因此,GcFPP 会唤起足够敏感的瞳孔反应,以检测瞳孔敏感性的局部和全局差异。研究结果进一步鼓励 (1) 使用灰色背景来防止杂散光而不影响 gcFPPs 敏感性和 (2) 使用注意力任务来提高瞳孔敏感性。

更新日期:2020-11-06
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