To improve the recovery of valuable metals (Li, Co, Ni, and Mn) from the cathode material of waste lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), a mechanochemical reduction technique is proposed in this research. The cathode material was mechanochemically ball milled with various reductive agents as a pretreatment and then subjected to a chemical leaching process for the recovery of valuable metals. The influence of mechanochemical ball milling parameters and leaching conditions on metals recovery, and the changes in physicochemical properties of cathode materials before and after mechanochemical ball milling were investigated. The results show that Zinc (Zn) powder was an effective co-grinding reagent forimproving the recovery of valuable metals from cathode materials. The crystal structure of the cathode material gradually shifted to an amorphous state with an increase in ball milling speed and time. Mn(IV) and Co(III) in the cathode material were mechanochemically reduced to Mn(III) and Co(II) after co-grinding with Zn, which was beneficial to their leaching. The activation energies of Ni and Co decreased from 30.47 KJ/mol and 31.99 KJ/mol to 5.58 KJ/mol and 7.15 KJ/mol, respectively. The leaching rates of Li, Ni, Co, and Mn increased from 72.0%, 42.5%, 31.2%, and 15.2% to 99.9%, 96.2%, 94.3%, and 91.0% under the optimum conditions of a cathode material to Zn powder mass ratio of 7:3, a rotational speed of 500 rpm, a milling time of 2 h, and a ball-to-powder mass ratio of 19: 1. This research presents a highly efficient and feasible approach for recovering valuable metals from waste LIBs.

为了提高废弃锂离子电池（LIBs）正极材料中有价值金属（Li，Co，Ni和Mn）的回收率，提出了一种机械化学还原技术。将阴极材料与各种还原剂进行机械化学球磨，以进行预处理，然后进行化学浸提工艺以回收有价值的金属。研究了机械化学球磨工艺参数和浸出条件对金属回收率的影响，以及机械化学球磨前后阴极材料理化性质的变化。结果表明，锌粉是一种有效的助研磨剂，可提高阴极材料中有价值金属的回收率。随着球磨速度和时间的增加，正极材料的晶体结构逐渐转变为非晶态。与锌共研磨后，将正极材料中的Mn（IV）和Co（III）机械化学还原为Mn（III）和Co（II），这对它们的浸出有利。Ni和Co的活化能分别从30.47 KJ / mol和31.99 KJ / mol降低到5.58 KJ / mol和7.15 KJ / mol。在正极材料对Zn粉的最佳条件下，Li，Ni，Co和Mn的浸出率从72.0％，42.5％，31.2％和15.2％增加到99.9％，96.2％，94.3％和91.0％质量比为7：3，旋转速度为500 rpm，铣削时间为2 h，球粉质量比为19：1。这项研究提出了一种高效，可行的方法，可从废物中回收有价值的金属LIB。