The ubiquity of connecting technologies in smart vehicles and the incremental automation of its functionalities promise significant benefits, including a significant decline in congestion and road fatalities. However, increasing automation and connectedness broadens the attack surface and heightens the likelihood of a malicious entity successfully executing an attack. In this paper, we propose a Blockchain based Framework for sEcuring smaRt vehicLes (B-FERL). B-FERL uses permissioned blockchain technology to tailor information access to restricted entities in the connected vehicle ecosystem. It also uses a challenge–response data exchange between the vehicles and roadside units to monitor the internal state of the vehicle to identify cases of in-vehicle network compromise. In order to enable authentic and valid communication in the vehicular network, only vehicles with a verifiable record in the blockchain can exchange messages. Through qualitative arguments, we show that B-FERL is resilient to identified attacks. Also, quantitative evaluations in an emulated scenario show that B-FERL ensures a suitable response time and required storage size compatible with realistic scenarios. Finally, we demonstrate how B-FERL achieves various important functions relevant to the automotive ecosystem such as trust management, vehicular forensics and secure vehicular networks.

智能车辆中无处不在的连接技术及其功能的不断自动化有望带来巨大的好处，包括交通拥堵和道路致死率的大幅下降。但是，自动化程度和连接性的提高会扩大攻击面，并增加恶意实体成功执行攻击的可能性。在本文中，我们提出了一个基于区块链的安全小车（B-FERL）框架。B-FERL使用许可的区块链技术来定制信息访问权限，以访问互联车辆生态系统中的受限实体。它还使用车辆与路边单元之间的质询-响应数据交换来监视车辆的内部状态，以识别车内网络受到损害的情况。为了在车辆网络中实现真实有效的通信，只有在区块链中具有可验证记录的车辆才能交换消息。通过定性的论证，我们表明B-FERL对已识别的攻击具有弹性。此外，在模拟方案中进行定量评估表明，B-FERL确保与实际方案兼容的适当响应时间和所需的存储大小。最后，我们演示了B-FERL如何实现与汽车生态系统相关的各种重要功能，例如信任管理，车辆取证和安全的车辆网络。在模拟方案中进行的定量评估表明，B-FERL确保与实际方案兼容的适当响应时间和所需的存储大小。最后，我们演示了B-FERL如何实现与汽车生态系统相关的各种重要功能，例如信任管理，车辆取证和安全的车辆网络。在模拟方案中进行的定量评估表明，B-FERL确保与实际方案兼容的适当响应时间和所需的存储大小。最后，我们演示了B-FERL如何实现与汽车生态系统相关的各种重要功能，例如信任管理，车辆取证和安全的车辆网络。