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Large scale evaluation of a LEPA/LESA system compared with MESA on spearmint and peppermint
Industrial Crops and Products ( IF 5.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-05 , DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.113048
Behnaz Molaei , R. Troy Peters , Abdelmoneim Zakaria Mohamed , Abid Sarwar

Most large-scale mint growers are using center pivot irrigation systems with mid elevation sprinkler application (MESA) sprinklers that have a water application efficiency close to 80 %. Modifications of the sprinkler systems like low elevation spray/precision application (LESA/LEPA) that apply water close to the ground can save a lot of water throughout the season. However, improving or maintaing the current oil yield is a main priority for satisfying these producers. A two-year study was conducted in the field near Toppenish, Washington, USA to evaluate and compare the effect of LESA/LEPA, MESA, and hand line (HL) irrigation systems on the hay yield, oil yield, and oil concentration on spearmint and peppermint. Due to the higher application efficiency of the LESA/LEPA systems, they were designed at 15 % less liters per second per hectare than the MESA systems. The HL treatments were irrigated by the grower without any changes. The soil water content (SWC) of each plot was measured continously throughout the growing season using neutron probe soil moisture sensor. The results of the two-year study showed that despite using 15 % less water, there were no significant differences in the SWC, hay yield, oil yield, and oil concentration between the LESA/LEPA and MESA treatments. However, the HL in spearmint had significantly greater hay yield (30.8 tons/ha) and the lowest oil concentrations (31 mL per 10 Kg fresh hay) compared with the other two treatments. From this research study it can be concluded that large water savings are possible by using LESA/LEPA without significantly impacting oil yields in both peppermint and spearmint. Pumping energy savings are also possible because less pumping is required to get an equivalent amount of water to the soil, and because LESA/LEPA sprinklers require less pressure to operate properly. It also showed that hand-line sprinkler-irrigated spearmint had significantly lower oil concentrations than the LEPA/LESA treatments, or the MESA treatments.



中文翻译:

与留兰香和薄荷相比,MESA与LEPA / LESA系统的大规模评估

大多数大型造币厂正在使用带有中高度喷头(MESA)喷头的中心枢轴灌溉系统,其喷水效率接近80%。对喷水系统的修改,例如低海拔喷雾/精确施肥(LESA / LEPA),可以在接近地面的地方浇水,因此整个季节可以节省大量水。但是,提高或保持当前的石油产量是满足这些生产者的主要优先事项。在美国华盛顿Toppenish附近的田野进行了为期两年的研究,以评估和比较LESA / LEPA,MESA和手动灌溉系统对留兰香的干草产量,产油量和含油量的影响和薄荷。由于LESA / LEPA系统具有更高的应用效率,与MESA系统相比,它们的设计目标是每公顷每秒减少15%的升。HL处理由种植者灌溉,没有任何变化。使用中子探针土壤湿度传感器在整个生长期连续测量每个样区的土壤含水量(SWC)。这项为期两年的研究结果表明,尽管使用的水量减少了15%,但LESA / LEPA和MESA处理之间的SWC,干草产量,产油量和油浓度没有显着差异。但是,与其他两种处理相比,留兰香中的HL具有明显更高的干草产量(30.8吨/公顷)和最低的油浓度(每10千克新鲜干草31 mL)。从这项研究可以得出结论,使用LESA / LEPA可以节省大量的水,而不会显着影响薄荷和留兰香中的油脂产量。节省泵送能量也是可能的,因为需要较少的泵送才能将等量的水带到土壤,并且因为LESA / LEPA洒水喷头需要的压力较小,才能正常运行。它也表明,与LEPA / LESA处理或MESA处理相比,手动洒水灌溉的留兰香的油含量明显更低。

更新日期:2020-11-06
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