Birds are among the most visible and charismatic forms of urban biodiversity. Urban birds provide important ecosystem services but are also associated with some disservices. How urban residents perceive these services and disservices, and the factors shaping these perceptions, are not well understood. We studied how awareness of birds in the landscape, knowledge of bird species, and nature relatedness influence these perceptions. For this purpose, we conducted a questionnaire survey of 1000 Singapore residents. We used structural equation modeling to explore relationships between socio-demographics and past nature-related experiences on bird awareness, bird knowledge and nature relatedness, and to understand how these personal factors affect perceptions of ecosystem services and disservices. Despite their mainly low awareness and knowledge of birds, respondents were generally positive in their responses and expressed few concerns regarding disservices. Perceptions of regulation and maintenance services were positively related to bird knowledge. Perceptions of cultural services were positively influenced by bird awareness and nature relatedness, and stronger nature relatedness was important for decreasing associations with bird disservices. Successful implementation of ecosystem services management should firstly understand citizens’ perceptions, and include efforts to increase bird knowledge and awareness through activities such as public education and outreach campaigns.

鸟类是城市生物多样性中最明显和最具魅力的形式之一。城市鸟类不仅提供重要的生态系统服务，而且还带来一些损害。人们对城市居民如何看待这些服务和残障以及形成这些看法的因素尚不十分了解。我们研究了景观中鸟类的意识，鸟类种类的知识以及与自然的相关性如何影响这些感知。为此，我们对1000名新加坡居民进行了问卷调查。我们使用结构方程模型来探索社会人口统计学与过去与自然有关的鸟类认识，鸟类知识和自然相关性经验之间的关系，并了解这些个人因素如何影响对生态系统服务和损害的看法。尽管主要是对鸟类的了解和知识较低，但受访者的反应总体上是积极的，对伤残很少表示担忧。监管和维护服务的认知与鸟类知识正相关。对鸟类的认识和与自然的相关性对文化服务的感知产生了积极的影响，而更强的自然相关性对于减少与鸟类的残障之间的联系也很重要。成功实施生态系统服务管理应首先了解公民的看法，并包括通过诸如公共教育和宣传运动等活动来增加鸟类知识和认识的努力。监管和维护服务的认知与鸟类知识正相关。对鸟类的认识和与自然的相关性对文化服务的感知产生了积极的影响，而更强的自然相关性对于减少与鸟类的残障之间的联系也很重要。成功实施生态系统服务管理应首先了解公民的看法，并包括通过诸如公共教育和宣传运动等活动来增加鸟类知识和认识的努力。监管和维护服务的认知与鸟类知识正相关。对鸟类的认识和与自然的相关性对文化服务的感知产生了积极的影响，而更强的自然相关性对于减少与鸟类的残障之间的联系也很重要。成功实施生态系统服务管理应首先了解公民的看法，并包括通过诸如公共教育和宣传运动等活动来增加鸟类知识和认识的努力。