Abstract Harvesting energy from renewable energy resources is an emerging research area to fulfil the globally rising energy demand owing to the enormous usage of various portable electronic systems. Mechanical energy is one of them and available abundantly in everyday human life such ocean wave, human motion, raindrops fall, rotation energy, etc. Herein, the ferroelectric lithium niobate (LiNbO3) microparticles are prepared by a solid-state technique and further utilized for the fabrication of nanogenerator to efficiently harvest these mechanical energies. Ferroelectric materials exhibit much higher piezoelectric coefficients and a strong electric dipole movement, thus resulting in higher electrical performance of corresponding nanogenerators. Therefore, the as-prepared LiNbO3 was used to comparatively study the electrical performance of piezoelectric, triboelectric, and hybrid nanogenerators, respectively. In this regards, a composite layer is developed by incorporating the LiNbO3 into the triboelectric polymer (i.e., PDMS) to develop distinct types of nanogenerators and its electrical output performance is examined. Consequently, the hybrid nanogenerator (HNG) exhibits relatively higher performance as compared to the others, thanks to synergetic piezo and triboelectric effects. Furthermore, the concentration of LiNbO3 added into the composite is further optimized to realize the highest electrical performance of HNG and it also exhibits good electrical stability and mechanical durability. Eventually, practical applications of the power generated by the HNG are further demonstrated to function the portable electronics.

中文翻译：

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通过铌酸锂微粒嵌入复合膜的协同压电/摩擦电响应提高纳米发电机的性能

摘要 由于各种便携式电子系统的大量使用，从可再生能源中获取能量是一个新兴的研究领域，以满足全球不断增长的能源需求。机械能就是其中之一，在人类日常生活中大量使用，例如海浪、人体运动、雨滴落下、旋转能等。在此，铁电铌酸锂 (LiNbO3) 微粒是通过固态技术制备的，并进一步用于制造纳米发电机以有效地收集这些机械能。铁电材料表现出更高的压电系数和强烈的电偶极子运动，从而导致相应的纳米发电机具有更高的电性能。所以，制备的 LiNbO3 分别用于比较研究压电、摩擦电和混合纳米发电机的电性能。在这方面，通过将 LiNbO3 结合到摩擦电聚合物（即，PDMS）中来开发复合层，以开发不同类型的纳米发电机，并检查其电输出性能。因此，由于协同压电和摩擦电效应，混合纳米发电机 (HNG) 与其他发电机相比表现出相对更高的性能。此外，进一步优化了添加到复合材料中的 LiNbO3 浓度，以实现 HNG 的最高电性能，并表现出良好的电稳定性和机械耐久性。最终，