Key message

Withania coagulans (L.) Dunal bio-synthesized silver nanoparticles (WcAgNPs) worked as an abiotic elicitor or auto-catalyst that enhanced root regeneration and withanolides production in in-vitro regenerated W. coagulans.

Abstract

Rapid development in the production / consumption of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) raised serious concern over its effects on the growth of natural plant community. The knowledge related to impact of AgNPs on plant growth and biocompatibility is increasing day by day, but comprehensive mechanism and gaps regarding their impacts on plant health have yet to be addressed. In the present study, we investigated the impact of Withania coagulans biosynthesized AgNPs (WcAgNPs) on in-vitro plant growth and withanolides production. Obtained results showed that the low concentrations of WcAgNPs significantly induced the plant growth by regulating oxidative stress via anti-oxidative defense system. Physiological, morphology and anatomical features also reflected healthy plant growth under low WcAgNPs exposure. While higher concentrations of WcAgNPs have a negative impact on W. coagulans plant growth due to induced lipid peroxidation, ROS accumulation, and root cell death. At lower concentrations, WcAgNPs have shown a positive effect on in-planta withanolides biosynthesis stimulating withanolide A and withaferin A up to 11.15–22.8-fold, respectively. Furthermore, the expression of withanolides biosynthetic genes were also quantified upon WcAgNPs exposure and terpenes biosynthetic genes showed over-expression. Thus, the present study concludes that the lower concentrations of WcAgNPs positively induced plant growth via improved root organogenesis and also have potential to act as an elicitor for withanolides production.

中文翻译：

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绿色合成的 WcAgNPs 通过诱导 Withania 凝固素中的关键生物合成基因对体外植物再生和 withanolides 生产的影响

关键信息

Withania coagulans (L.) Dunal 生物合成银纳米粒子 (WcAgNPs) 作为一种非生物诱导剂或自催化剂，可增强体外再生的 W. coagulans的根再生和 withanolides 的产生。

抽象的

银纳米粒子 (AgNPs) 生产/消费的快速发展引起了人们对其对天然植物群落生长的影响的严重关注。关于 AgNPs 对植物生长和生物相容性影响的相关知识日益增加，但关于其对植物健康影响的综合机制和差距仍有待解决。在本研究中，我们调查了Withania 凝固素的影响生物合成的 AgNPs (WcAgNPs) 对体外植物生长和 withanolides 生产的影响。获得的结果表明，低浓度的 WcAgNPs 通过抗氧化防御系统调节氧化应激，显着诱导植物生长。生理、形态和解剖特征也反映了低 WcAgNPs 暴露下的健康植物生长。虽然较高浓度的 WcAgNPs 对W. coagulans有负面影响植物生长是由于诱导的脂质过氧化、活性氧积累和根细胞死亡。在较低浓度下，WcAgNPs 显示出对植物内 withanolide 生物合成的积极作用，分别刺激 withanolide A 和 withaferin A 高达 11.15-22.8 倍。此外，在 WcAgNPs 暴露后，withanolides 生物合成基因的表达也被量化，并且萜烯生物合成基因表现出过度表达。因此，本研究得出的结论是，较低浓度的 WcAgNPs 通过改善根器官发生正向诱导植物生长，并且还具有作为产生茄内酯的诱导剂的潜力。