Functional reorganization in a musician’s brain has long been considered strong evidence of experience-dependent neuroplasticity. Highly coordinated bimanual movements require abundant communication between bilateral hemispheres. Interhemispheric inhibition (IHI) is the communication between bilateral primary motor cortices, and there is beginning evidence to suggest that IHI is modified according to instrument type, possibly due to instrument-dependent motor training. However, it is unknown whether IHI adaptations are associated with non-musical bimanual tasks that resemble specific musical instruments. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the relationship between IHI and bimanual coordination in keyboard players compared with string players. Bimanual coordination was measured by a force tracking task, categorized as symmetric and asymmetric conditions. Ipsilateral silent period (iSP) was obtained using transcranial magnetic stimulation to index IHI in both left (L) and right (R) hemispheres. Canonical correlation analysis was performed to identify linear relationships between the IHI and bimanual coordination outcomes. There was no difference in bimanual coordination outcomes between keyboard and string players. Increased iSP from the L to R hemisphere was found in string players compared to keyboard players. There appeared to be different instrument-dependent relationships between IHI and bimanual coordination, regardless of symmetric or asymmetric task. Laboratory motor assessments resembling specific features of musical instruments (symmetric vs. asymmetric hand use) did not distinctly characterize bimanual motor skills between keyboard and string players. The relationships between IHI and bimanual coordination in these two instrument types were independent of task condition. Instrument-dependent neuroplasticity may be evident only within the context of musical instrument playing.

长期以来，音乐家大脑中的功能重组一直被认为是依赖于经验的神经可塑性的有力证据。高度协调的双手运动要求双边半球之间进行大量交流。半球间抑制（IHI）是双侧初级运动皮层之间的交流，并且有初步证据表明IHI根据器械类型而改变，这可能是由于依赖器械的运动训练引起的。但是，未知IHI改编是否与类似于特定乐器的非音乐双任务相关联。因此，我们旨在研究与弦乐演奏者相比，键盘演奏者中IHI和双手协调之间的关系。双向协调是通过强制跟踪任务来衡量的，分为对称和不对称条件。使用经颅磁刺激在左（L）和右（R）半球索引IHI，获得同侧静默期（iSP）。进行了典型的相关分析，以识别IHI和双手协调结果之间的线性关系。键盘演奏者和弦乐演奏者之间的双向协调结果没有差异。与键盘演奏器相比，弦乐器演奏者发现iSP从L半球增加到R半球。不管对称任务还是不对称任务，IHI和双手协调之间似乎存在着不同的依赖仪器的关系。实验室运动评估类似于乐器的特定功能（对称与非对称）不对称的手部使用）并未明确描述键盘演奏者和弦乐演奏者之间的双手运动技能。在这两种工具类型中，IHI和双手协调之间的关系与任务条件无关。依赖乐器的神经可塑性可能仅在乐器演奏的背景下才明显。