Bifidobacterium strains can provide several health benefits, such as antimicrobial and immunomodulatory effects. Some strains inhibit growth or cell adhesion of pathogenic bacteria, including multidrug-resistant bacteria, and their antibacterial activity can be intensified when combined with certain antibiotics. In addition, some strains of bifidobacteria reduce viral infectivity, leading to less epithelial damage of intestinal tissue, lowering the virus shedding titer, and controlling the release of antiviral substances. Furthermore, bifidobacteria can modulate the immune system by increasing immunoglobulins, and inducing or reducing pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines, respectively. In particular, these anti-inflammatory effects are helpful in the treatment of patients who are already suffering from infection or inflammatory diseases. This review summarizes the antimicrobial effects and mechanisms, and immunomodulatory effects of Bifidobacterium strains, suggesting the potential of bifidobacteria as an alternative or complementary treatment option.

中文翻译：

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双歧杆菌菌株的抗菌和免疫调节作用：综述。

双歧杆菌菌株可以提供多种健康益处，例如抗菌和免疫调节作用。有些菌株抑制包括多重耐药菌在内的病原菌的生长或细胞粘附，与某些抗生素合用可增强其抗菌活性。此外，某些双歧杆菌菌株可降低病毒感染性，从而减少肠组织上皮损伤，降低病毒脱落滴度，并控制抗病毒物质的释放。此外，双歧杆菌可以分别通过增加免疫球蛋白和诱导或减少促炎或抗炎细胞因子来调节免疫系统。特别是，这些抗炎作用有助于治疗已经患有感染或炎症性疾病的患者。双歧杆菌菌株，表明双歧杆菌作为替代或补充治疗选择的潜力。