Understanding people’s attitudes towards wildlife species is key for developing and effectively implementing conservation initiatives. Although attitudes towards different wildlife classes have been examined separately within a variety of regions, there have been no comprehensive comparisons of attitudes towards wildlife between different tropical ecoregions over large spatial scales. Here, we examined attitudes of 106 rural wage-earners from two ecoregions in the eastern Brazilian Amazon. We used generalized Linear Models (GLMs) to examine the influence of socioeconomic variables and ecoregion type on attitudes towards wildlife species, grouped into three classes (liked, disliked, and damage income). Overall we obtained attitudes regarding 57 wildlife species that were organized into 11 faunal groups (amphibians, ants, bats, birds, fishes, medium-bodied mammals, large-bodied mammals, primates, snakes, tortoises and turtles, and other invertebrates). Ecoregions where wage-earners lived was the strongest predictor of the total number of liked and disliked wildlife species. The total number of species damaging income was explained by socioeconomic variables related to the number of people living in the property and level of education. Medium and large-bodied mammals were most frequently reported both as liked and causing damage, while snakes were most frequently reported as disliked in both ecoregions. Although socioeconomic variables were important predictors to wage-earners’ attitudes towards wildlife species, the environment (ecoregion) was the strongest predictor affecting human-wildlife attitudes. Our findings contribute with information about the importance of considering differences in local attitudes across a representative spectrum of wildlife species to inform the identification of effective focal species in different tropical regions.

中文翻译：

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不同热带生态区的农村工资收入者对不同野生动物群体的态度不同：对巴西亚马逊森林和热带稀树草原保护的影响

了解人们对野生动物物种的态度是制定和有效实施保护举措的关键。尽管在不同的区域内对不同野生动物类别的态度已分别进行了研究，但还没有在大空间尺度上对不同热带生态区之间对野生动物的态度进行全面比较。在这里，我们调查了来自巴西亚马逊东部两个生态区的 106 名农村工薪阶层的态度。我们使用广义线性模型 (GLM) 来检查社会经济变量和生态区类型对野生动物物种态度的影响，分为三类（喜欢、不喜欢和损害收入）。总的来说，我们获得了对 57 个野生动物物种的态度，这些物种被分为 11 个动物群（两栖动物、蚂蚁、蝙蝠、鸟类、鱼类、体型哺乳动物、大型哺乳动物、灵长类动物、蛇、陆龟和海龟以及其他无脊椎动物）。工薪阶层居住的生态区是喜欢和不喜欢的野生动物物种总数的最强预测指标。破坏收入的物种总数可以通过与居住在财产中的人数和教育水平相关的社会经济变量来解释。中型和大型哺乳动物最常被报告为喜欢和造成损害，而蛇在两个生态区中最常被报告为不喜欢。尽管社会经济变量是工资收入者对野生动物物种态度的重要预测因素，但环境（生态区）是影响人类对野生动物态度的最强预测因素。