Background. Tendon injuries are common musculoskeletal disorders in clinic. Due to the limited regeneration ability of tendons, tissue engineering technology is often used as an effective approach to treat tendon injuries. Silk fibroin (SF) films have excellent biological activities and physical properties, which is suitable for tendon regeneration. The present study is aimed at preparing a SF film with a bionic microstructure and investigating its biological effects. Methods. A SF film with a smooth surface or bionic microstructure was prepared. After seeding tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPCs) on the surface, the cell morphology, the expression level of tenogenic genes and proteins, and the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activation were measured to evaluate the biological effect of SF films. Results. The TSPCs on SF films with a bionic microstructure exhibited a slender cell morphology, promoted the expression of tenogenic genes and proteins, such as SCX, TNC, TNMD, and COLIA1, and activated FAK. FAK inhibitors blocked the enhanced expression of tenogenic genes and proteins. Conclusion. SF films with a bionic microstructure may serve as a scaffold, provide biophysical cues to alter the cellular adherence arrangement and cell morphology, and enhance the tenogenic gene and protein expression in TSPCs. FAK activation plays a key role during this biological response process.

中文翻译：

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仿生丝素蛋白膜通过激活粘着斑激酶促进肌腱干/祖细胞的肌腱分化

背景。肌腱损伤是临床上常见的肌肉骨骼疾病。由于肌腱再生能力有限，组织工程技术常被用作治疗肌腱损伤的有效方法。丝素蛋白（SF）膜具有优异的生物活性和物理性能，适用于肌腱再生。本研究旨在制备具有仿生微结构的SF薄膜并研究其生物学效应。方法。制备了具有光滑表面或仿生微结构的SF薄膜。在表面接种肌腱干/祖细胞（TSPC）后，测量细胞形态、肌腱基因和蛋白质的表达水平以及粘着斑激酶（FAK）的激活情况，以评估SF膜的生物学效应。结果。具有仿生微结构的SF薄膜上的TSPCs表现出细长的细胞形态，促进了SCX、TNC、TNMD和COLIA1等肌腱基因和蛋白质的表达，并激活了FAK。FAK抑制剂阻断了肌腱基因和蛋白质的增强表达。结论。具有仿生微结构的 SF 薄膜可以作为支架，提供生物物理线索来改变细胞粘附排列和细胞形态，并增强 TSPCs 中的腱基因和蛋白质表达。FAK 激活在这个生物反应过程中起着关键作用。