当前位置:
X-MOL 学术
›
Int. J. Astrobiol.
›
论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your
feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Solar system exposure to supernova γ radiation
International Journal of Astrobiology ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-04 , DOI: 10.1017/s1473550420000348 G. Robert Brakenridge
International Journal of Astrobiology ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-04 , DOI: 10.1017/s1473550420000348 G. Robert Brakenridge
Planetary habitability may be affected by exposure to γ radiation from supernovae (SNe). Records of Earth history during the late Quaternary Period (40 000 years to present) allow testing for specific SN γ radiation effects. SNe include Type Ia white dwarf explosions, Type Ib, c and II core collapses, and many γ burst objects. Surveys of galactic SNe remnants offer a nearly complete accounting for this time and including SN distances and ages. Terrestrial changes in records of the cosmogenic isotope 14 C are here compared to SN-predicted changes. SN γ emission occurs mainly within 3 years; average per-event total emissions of 4 × 1049 erg are used for comparison of close events There are 18 SNe ≤ 1.5 kpc, and brief 14 C anomalies are reported for eight of the closest. Four are notable (BP is year before 1950 CE): the older Vela SNR and an abrupt 30‰ del 14 C rise at 12 740 BP; S165 and a 20‰ rise at 7431 BP; Vela Jr. and a 14‰ rise at 2765 BP; and HB9 and a 9‰ rise at 5372 BP. Rapid-increase anomalies in 14 C production have been attributed to cosmic rays from exceptionally large solar flares. However, the proximity and ages of these SNe, the probable size and duration of their γ emissions, the predicted effects on 14 C, and the agreement with 14 C records together support SNe causation. Also, the supposed solar-caused 14 C anomalies at CE 774 and 993 may instead have been caused by the SNe associated with the G190.9-2.2 and G347.3-00.5 remnants. Both are of appropriate age and distance.
中文翻译:
太阳系暴露于超新星 γ 辐射
行星可居住性可能会受到超新星 (SNe) γ 辐射的影响。第四纪晚期(至今 4 万年)的地球历史记录允许测试特定的 SN γ 辐射效应。SNe 包括 Ia 型白矮星爆炸、Ib 型、c 型和 II 型核心坍塌,以及许多 γ 爆发天体。对银河超新星遗迹的调查提供了对这一时间的近乎完整的解释,包括超新星的距离和年龄。宇宙同位素记录中的陆地变化14 此处将 C 与 SN 预测的变化进行比较。SN γ 发射主要发生在 3 年内;每个事件的平均总排放量为 4 × 1049 erg 用于比较关闭事件 有 18 个 SNe ≤ 1.5 kpc,简要14 最接近的 8 个报告了 C 异常。有四个值得注意(BP 是公元 1950 年之前的一年):较旧的 Vela SNR 和突然的 30‰ del14 C 在 12 740 BP 上升;S165 和 20‰ 上涨至 7431 BP;Vela Jr. 和 2765 BP 时上升 14‰;和 HB9 和 9‰ 上涨至 5372 BP。异常迅速增加14 C 的产生归因于来自异常大的太阳耀斑的宇宙射线。然而,这些超新星的距离和年龄、它们 γ 发射的可能大小和持续时间、对14 C、与协议14 C 记录一起支持 SNe 因果关系。此外,所谓的太阳引起的14 CE 774 和 993 处的 C 异常可能是由与G190.9-2.2 和G347.3-00.5 残余物。两者都具有适当的年龄和距离。
更新日期:2020-11-04
中文翻译:
太阳系暴露于超新星 γ 辐射
行星可居住性可能会受到超新星 (SNe) γ 辐射的影响。第四纪晚期(至今 4 万年)的地球历史记录允许测试特定的 SN γ 辐射效应。SNe 包括 Ia 型白矮星爆炸、Ib 型、c 型和 II 型核心坍塌,以及许多 γ 爆发天体。对银河超新星遗迹的调查提供了对这一时间的近乎完整的解释,包括超新星的距离和年龄。宇宙同位素记录中的陆地变化