ABSTRACT People often intentionally or unintentionally leave companion animals behind in an evacuation during a hazard event. In online animal rescue forums, people curate, comment on, and engage in posts during and after disasters. Many times, the content of the posts and comments to the posts are value-laden and examples of expressing moral policing about evacuation related to companion animals. To explore the content of posts related to rescue, reunification, and victim-blaming, we collected 64 social media posts and news articles about cats and dogs affected by the Carr Fire and Hurricane Florence. From these posts, we coded 157 comments as relating to the themes of decision-making, joy, sympathy, information, anger, reunification, judgment/punishment, fairness, seeking solutions, and gratitude, and analyzed the interrater reliability for these categories. Results suggest conflicting information on species-specific risks for evacuation failure. Additionally, we found that victim-blaming against pet owners who failed to evacuate their pets, indicated by the expression of “negative” attitudes toward this population, was contingent upon the onset speed of the hazard and amount of notice prior to evacuation. Owners attributed more blame after Hurricane Florence, a slow-onset event, than after a rapid-onset event, like the Carr Fire. We used the triangle model of responsibility to explain the differences in responsibility attribution and victim-blaming between these two hazards. Victimblaming also appeared to impact expressions of grief online, with those impacted by the Carr Fire who experienced greater victim-blaming less likely to post about their experiences on social media. The primary conclusion for this research is that victim-blaming, in the case of these events, was more common for Hurricane Florence than the Carr Fire. The implications include new insights into the ways in which outside observers assign blame to disaster victims in slow-onset versus rapid-onset events, especially when companion animals are involved.

中文翻译：

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伴侣动物和在线讨论：指责受害者和动物疏散

摘要 在危险事件发生期间，人们经常有意或无意地将伴侣动物留在疏散中。在在线动物救援论坛中，人们在灾难期间和灾难后策划、评论和参与帖子。很多时候，帖子的内容和帖子的评论都是有价值的，是表达与伴侣动物有关的疏散道德警务的例子。为了探索与救援、团聚和责备受害者相关的帖子内容，我们收集了 64 篇关于猫和狗受卡尔火灾和佛罗伦萨飓风影响的社交媒体帖子和新闻文章。从这些帖子中，我们将 157 条评论编码为与决策、喜悦、同情、信息、愤怒、统一、判断/惩罚、公平、寻求解决方案和感恩等主题相关的评论，并分析了这些类别的交互者间可靠性。结果表明，关于疏散失败的特定物种风险的信息存在冲突。此外，我们发现，受害者对未能疏散宠物的宠物主人的指责，表现为对该人群的“消极”态度，这取决于危险的发生速度和疏散前的通知数量。在缓慢发生的佛罗伦萨飓风之后，业主将更多的责任归咎于像卡尔火灾这样的快速发生的事件之后。我们使用责任三角模型来解释这两种危害在责任归因和受害者责备上的差异。指责受害者似乎也影响了网上悲伤的表达，那些受卡尔火灾影响的人遭受更多的受害者指责，不太可能在社交媒体上发布他们的经历。这项研究的主要结论是，在这些事件的情况下，受害者指责在佛罗伦萨飓风中比卡尔火灾更常见。其影响包括对外部观察者在缓慢发生与快速发生的事件中将责任归咎于灾难受害者的方式的新见解，尤其是当涉及伴侣动物时。