Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a metabolic disorder characterized by lipid overloading in hepatocytes that can progress pathogenically and even end in hepatocellular carcinoma. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease pharmacological treatment is still limited by unwanted side effects, whereas the use of food components with therapeutic potential is advisable. The culinary use of marine algae is traditional for some populations and reviving worldwide, with promising health outcomes due to the large number of bioactive compounds found in seaweeds. The present review focuses on brown-algae polysaccharides, particularly fucoidan, alginate, and laminarin, and summarizes the experimental evidence of their potential effects against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease onset and progression. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that brown-algae polysaccharides exert beneficial actions on satiety feeling, caloric intake, fat absorption, and modulation of the gut microbiota, which could account for indirect effects on energy and lipid homeostasis, thus diminishing the fat overload in the liver. Specific effects against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease pathogenesis and worsening are also described and sustained by the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antisteatotic properties of brown-algae polysaccharides. Further studies are required to clarify the mechanism of action of brown-algae polysaccharides on liver cells, to determine the composition and bioavailability of brown-algae polysaccharides present in different algal sources and to probe the clinical availability of these compounds in the form of algal foods, food supplements, and regulated therapeutics.

中文翻译：

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褐藻多糖作为对抗非酒精性脂肪肝的活性成分


非酒精性脂肪肝是一种以肝细胞脂质超载为特征的代谢性疾病，可致病性进展，甚至最终导致肝细胞癌。非酒精性脂肪肝的药物治疗仍然受到不良副作用的限制，但建议使用具有治疗潜力的食物成分。海藻的烹饪用途对于某些人群来说是传统的，并且在世界范围内重新流行，由于海藻中发现了大量的生物活性化合物，其健康结果很有希望。本综述重点关注褐藻多糖，特别是岩藻依聚糖、海藻酸盐和昆布多糖，并总结了它们对非酒精性脂肪肝疾病发病和进展的潜在影响的实验证据。体外和体内研究表明，褐藻多糖对饱腹感、热量摄入、脂肪吸收和肠道微生物群调节发挥有益作用，这可以解释对能量和脂质稳态的间接影响，从而减少体内的脂肪超载。肝脏。褐藻多糖的抗氧化、抗炎和抗脂肪变性特性还描述并维持了对非酒精性脂肪肝疾病发病机制和恶化的特定作用。需要进一步的研究来阐明褐藻多糖对肝细胞的作用机制，确定不同藻源中褐藻多糖的组成和生物利用度，并探讨这些化合物以藻类食品形式的临床可用性、食品补充剂和受监管的疗法。