Global biodiversity is in unprecedented decline and on‐the‐ground solutions are imperative for conservation. Although there is a large volume of evidence related to climate change effects on wildlife, research on climate adaptation strategies is lagging. To assess the current state of knowledge in climate adaptation, we conducted a comprehensive literature review and evaluated 1,346 peer‐reviewed publications for management recommendations designed to address the consequences of climate change on wildlife populations. From 509 publications, we identified 2,306 recommendations and employed both qualitative and quantitative methods for data analysis. Although we found an increase in the volume and diversity of recommendations since 2007, a focus on protected areas (26%, 596 of 2,306 recommendations) and the non‐reserve matrix (12%, 276 of 2,306 recommendations) remained prominent in the climate adaptation literature. Common concepts include protected areas, invasive species, ecosystem services, adaptive management, stepping stones, assisted migration, and conservation easements. In contrast, only 1% of recommendations focused on reproduction (n = 26), survival (n = 14), disease (n = 26), or human‐wildlife conflict (n = 24). Few recommendations reflected the potential for local‐scale management interventions. We demonstrate limited advancement in preparing natural resource managers in climate adaptation at local, management‐relevant scales. Additional research is needed to identify and evaluate climate adaptation strategies aimed at reducing the vulnerability of wildlife to contemporary climate change. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.

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为气候变化准备野生动物：我们走了多远？

全球生物多样性正在以前所未有的速度减少，实地解决方案对于保护至关重要。尽管有大量证据表明气候变化对野生动植物的影响，但气候适应策略的研究却滞后。为了评估当前在气候适应方面的知识水平，我们进行了全面的文献综述，并评估了1,346篇经同行评审的出版物，以获取旨在解决气候变化对野生动植物种群影响的管理建议。从509种出版物中，我们确定了2306条建议，并采用了定性和定量方法进行数据分析。尽管自2007年以来我们发现建议的数量和多样性有所增加，但重点还是放在保护区（26％，共2306条建议中的596条）和非储备金矩阵（12％，共2条中的276条）中 306条建议）在气候适应文献中仍然很突出。共同的概念包括保护区，入侵物种，生态系统服务，适应性管理，垫脚石，辅助移民和保护地役权。相比之下，只有1％的建议着重于复制（n  = 26），生存率（n  = 14），疾病（n  = 26）或人类与野生动物的冲突（n  = 24）。很少有建议能够反映出地方规模的管理干预措施的潜力。我们证明，在与地方，管理相关的规模上，自然资源管理者在适应气候变化方面的准备工作进展有限。需要进行更多的研究来确定和评估旨在减少野生动植物对当代气候变化的脆弱性的气候适应战略。©2020野生动物协会。