ABSTRACT The propagation of seismic waves through a saturated reservoir compresses the fluid in the pore spaces. During this transition, parts of seismic energy would be attenuated because of intrinsic absorption. Rock physics models make the bridge between the seismic properties and petrophysical reality in the earth. Attenuation is one of the significant seismic attributes used to describe the fluid behaviour in the reservoirs. We examined the core samples using ultrasonic experiments at the reservoir conditions. Given the rock properties of the carbonate reservoir and experiment results, the patchy saturation mechanism was solved for substituted fluid using the theory of modulus frequency. The extracted relationship between the seismic attenuation and water saturation was used in time–frequency analysis. We performed the peak frequency method to estimate the Q factor in the Gabor domain and determined the water saturation based on the computed rock physics model. The results showed how the probable fault in the reservoir has stopped the fluid movement in the reservoir and caused touching the water‐bearing zone through drilling.

中文翻译：

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地震时频分析作为一种可靠的流体饱和度估计方法：以伊朗碳酸盐岩储层为例

摘要 地震波通过饱和储层的传播压缩了孔隙空间中的流体。在这个转变过程中，部分地震能量会因为内在吸收而衰减。岩石物理模型在地球的地震特性和岩石物理现实之间架起了一座桥梁。衰减是用于描述储层中流体行为的重要地震属性之一。我们在储层条件下使用超声波实验检查了岩心样品。结合碳酸盐岩储层的岩石性质和实验结果，利用模数频率理论求解了替代流体的片状饱和机理。提取的地震衰减和含水饱和度之间的关系用于时频分析。我们执行峰值频率法来估计 Gabor 域中的 Q 因子，并根据计算出的岩石物理模型确定水饱和度。结果表明，储层中可能存在的断层如何阻止了储层中的流体运动，并通过钻井导致接触含水层。