For a complete understanding of a system's processes and each protein's role in health and disease, it is essential to study protein expression with a spatial resolution, as the exact location of proteins at tissue, cellular, or subcellular levels is tightly linked to protein function. The Human Protein Atlas (HPA) project is a large‐scale initiative aiming at mapping the entire human proteome using antibody‐based proteomics and integration of various other omics technologies. The publicly available knowledge resource www.proteinatlas.org is one of the world's most visited biological databases and has been extensively updated during the last few years. The current version is divided into six main sections, each focusing on particular aspects of the human proteome: (a) the Tissue Atlas showing the distribution of proteins across all major tissues and organs in the human body; (b) the Cell Atlas showing the subcellular localization of proteins in single cells; (c) the Pathology Atlas showing the impact of protein levels on survival of patients with cancer; (d) the Blood Atlas showing the expression profiles of blood cells and actively secreted proteins; (e) the Brain Atlas showing the distribution of proteins in human, mouse, and pig brain; and (f) the Metabolic Atlas showing the involvement of proteins in human metabolism. The HPA constitutes an important resource for further understanding of human biology, and the publicly available datasets hold much promise for integration with other emerging efforts focusing on single cell analyses, both at transcriptomic and proteomic level.

中文翻译：

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人类蛋白质图谱——健康和疾病中人类蛋白质组的空间定位


为了全面了解系统的过程以及每种蛋白质在健康和疾病中的作用，有必要以空间分辨率研究蛋白质表达，因为蛋白质在组织、细胞或亚细胞水平上的确切位置与蛋白质功能紧密相关。人类蛋白质图谱 (HPA) 项目是一项大规模计划，旨在利用基于抗体的蛋白质组学和各种其他组学技术的整合来绘制整个人类蛋白质组图谱。公开的知识资源 www. Proteinatlas.org 是世界上访问量最大的生物数据库之一，并且在过去几年中得到了广泛的更新。当前版本分为六个主要部分，每个部分都侧重于人类蛋白质组的特定方面： (a) 组织图谱显示蛋白质在人体所有主要组织和器官中的分布； (b) 细胞图谱显示蛋白质在单细胞中的亚细胞定位； (c) 病理学图谱显示蛋白质水平对癌症患者生存的影响； (d) 血液图谱显示血细胞和主动分泌的蛋白质的表达谱； (e) 大脑图谱显示蛋白质在人类、小鼠和猪脑中的分布； (f) 代谢图谱显示蛋白质参与人体新陈代谢。 HPA 是进一步了解人类生物学的重要资源，公开的数据集有望在转录组和蛋白质组水平上与其他专注于单细胞分析的新兴工作整合。