Background

The experiences of Black children with food allergy (FA) are not well characterized, particularly with respect to bullying victimization and other psychosocial outcomes.

Objective

To evaluate bullying experiences of Black and White children with FA, including associations with peer relationships, anxiety, and school policies.

Methods

Surveys were administered to parents of 252 children with physician-diagnosed FA enrolled in the multisite FORWARD cohort. The surveys assessed demographics, atopic disease, bullying victimization, and school FA management practices and policies. Descriptive statistics of bullying by race were compared by χ² tests. Multiple logistic regression analyses adjusting for race, age, parental education, household income, child sex, and multi-FA compared adjusted probabilities of bullying victimization by school policies.

Results

Nearly 20% of school-aged children were bullied for FA with no substantial racial differences overall, though for children ages 11 years and up, White children reported higher rates of bullying. However, Black children experienced non-FA–related bullying twice as frequently as White children (38.6% vs 17.7%; P = .002). Most of the caregivers (85.7%) who intervened in their child's bullying reported that it was helpful. Among parents, 17.3% reported that they were teased or bullied owing to their child's FA. More than half of the respondents (54.8%) reported that some allergens are banned from their child's school, most typically peanut. In schools banning peanuts, FA-related bullying was less frequently reported by all students who have food allergy.

Conclusion

Bullying owing to FA is common, and caregivers, medical professionals, and school administrators can help reduce bullying by screening for bullying and supporting and educating school policies.

中文翻译：

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FORWARD 研究中黑人和白人儿童中与食物过敏相关的欺凌和相关的同伴动态

背景

患有食物过敏 (FA) 的黑人儿童的经历没有得到很好的描述，特别是在欺凌受害和其他心理社会结果方面。

客观的

评估患有 FA 的黑人和白人儿童的欺凌经历，包括与同伴关系、焦虑和学校政策的关联。

方法

对多中心 FORWARD 队列中 252 名医生诊断为 FA 的儿童的父母进行了调查。这些调查评估了人口统计、特应性疾病、欺凌受害以及学校 FA 管理实践和政策。通过 χ ²检验比较种族欺凌的描述性统计数据。多元逻辑回归分析调整了种族、年龄、父母教育、家庭收入、儿童性别和多重 FA，比较了学校政策对欺凌受害的调整概率。

结果

近 20% 的学龄儿童因 FA 被欺负，总体上没有明显的种族差异，但对于 11 岁及以上的儿童，白人儿童报告的欺凌率更高。然而，黑人儿童遭受非 FA 相关欺凌的频率是白人儿童的两倍（38.6% 对 17.7%；P  = .002）。大多数干预孩子欺凌行为的照顾者（85.7%）报告说这是有帮助的。在父母中，17.3%的人报告说他们因为孩子的FA而被戏弄或欺负。超过一半的受访者 (54.8%) 报告说，他们孩子的学校禁止使用某些过敏原，最常见的是花生。在禁止花生的学校中，所有食物过敏的学生都较少报告与 FA 相关的欺凌行为。

结论

由于 FA 造成的欺凌现象很常见，看护人员、医疗专业人员和学校管理人员可以通过筛查欺凌行为以及支持和教育学校政策来帮助减少欺凌行为。