Abstract Soil moisture observations are of broad scientific interest and practical value for a wide range of applications. The scientific community has made significant progress in estimating soil moisture from satellite-based Earth observation data, particularly in operationalizing coarse-resolution (25-50 km) soil moisture products. This review summarizes existing applications of satellite-derived soil moisture products and identifies gaps between the characteristics of currently available soil moisture products and the application requirements from various disciplines. We discuss the efforts devoted to the generation of high-resolution soil moisture products from satellite Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data such as Sentinel-1 C-band backscatter observations and/or through downscaling of existing coarse-resolution microwave soil moisture products. Open issues and future opportunities of satellite-derived soil moisture are discussed, providing guidance for further development of operational soil moisture products and bridging the gap between the soil moisture user and supplier communities.

中文翻译：

---

高分辨率卫星土壤水分应用路线图——面对产品特性和用户需求

摘要 土壤水分观测具有广泛的科学意义和广泛的应用价值。科学界在从基于卫星的地球观测数据估算土壤水分方面取得了重大进展，特别是在粗分辨率（25-50 公里）土壤水分产品的可操作化方面。本综述总结了卫星衍生土壤水分产品的现有应用，并确定了当前可用土壤水分产品的特征与各学科应用要求之间的差距。我们讨论了致力于从卫星合成孔径雷达 (SAR) 数据（例如 Sentinel-1 C 波段反向散射观测）和/或通过缩小现有粗分辨率微波土壤水分产品来生成高分辨率土壤水分产品的努力。讨论了卫星衍生土壤水分的开放性问题和未来机会，为进一步开发可操作的土壤水分产品提供指导，并弥合土壤水分用户和供应商社区之间的差距。