Background

Motoring is an emancipation. It is both an individual freedom and a collective freedom with car ownership at 30, 491, 000 vehicles by 2019 in Great Britain. Yet, as the evidence of the impacts of road transport accumulates and the health and environmental aims of sustainable travel become clearer, demand for an ethical analysis also intensifies.

Purpose

The paper draws on a previous limited ethics-based literature on road transport. Key tenet of liberalism, of ‘freedom from’ as well as ‘freedom to’, are highlighted. This includes Edmund Burke's concept of ‘equality of restraint’ in meeting common needs. Freedom from fear of road traffic danger forms part of an individual's rights.

Findings

Equality of rights and freedom from fear in road use have not been key considerations for reducing risks to vulnerable road users. Indeed, ethical issues have largely been ignored. The emergence of Vision Zero within the road safety field with its focus on zero deaths and serious injuries has brought an ethics-based approach to the mainstream although it appears to be struggling to gain traction in neo-liberal societies.

Conclusions

The Covid-19 pandemic has led to UK governments promoting the use of walking and cycling. These modes have hitherto been left to fend for themselves in an environment where road safety has been measured by casualty reduction while fear has suppressed walking and cycling with the consequence losses to physical and mental health. We ask whether an ethics-based contribution, and lessons from Covid-19, can help re-set the direction of UK road safety policy and practice.

中文翻译：

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约束的平等：通过私人机动交通的道德规范道路安全

背景

开车是一种解放。到2019年，在英国，汽车拥有量将达到30、491、000辆，既是个人自由又是集体自由。然而，随着道路运输影响的证据不断积累，可持续旅行的健康和环境目标变得更加清晰，对道德分析的需求也日益增加。

目的

本文借鉴了以前基于道德的有限的道路运输文献。强调了自由主义的关键宗旨，即“摆脱自由”和“摆脱自由”。这包括埃德蒙·伯克（Edmund Burke）满足共同需求的“约束的平等”概念。免于惧怕道路交通危险是个人权利的一部分。

发现

降低道路使用权的风险不是降低道路使用权的平等和恐惧的关键。确实，道德问题在很大程度上被忽略了。专注于零死亡和严重伤害的道路安全领域零视力的出现，为主流社会带来了一种基于道德的方法，尽管它似乎正在努力争取新自由主义社会的关注。

结论

Covid-19大流行导致英国政府促进步行和骑自行车的使用。迄今为止，这些模式只能靠减少伤亡来衡量道路安全，而恐惧却抑制了步行和骑车，从而损害了身心健康，因此，这些模式只能靠自己解决。我们问基于道德的贡献和来自Covid-19的教训是否可以帮助重新设定英国道路安全政策和实践的方向。