Heavy metal pollution has threatened the ecological environment and human health, therefore, effective removal of these toxic pollutants from various complex substrates is of great significance. So far, adsorption is still one of the most effective approaches. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which are porous crystalline materials consisting of metal ions or metal clusters and organic ligands through coordination bonds. Due to their high surface area, porosity, as well as good chemical/thermal stability, the materials have recently attracted great attention in environmental analytical chemistry. This review mainly focused on the recent studies about the applications of UiO series MOFs and their composites as the emerging MOFs, which have been used effectively for the adsorption and removal of diverse heavy metal ions from a variety of environmental samples as novel adsorption materials. Moreover, an elaboration about UiO-MOFs and its composites including the synthetic methods and the applications of these materials in the removal of heavy metal ions were presented in detail. In addition, the adsorption characteristics and mechanism of UiO-MOFs as solid sorbents for heavy metal ions were discussed, including adsorption isotherms equation, adsorption thermodynamics, and kinetics. To this end, the developing trends of MOF-based composites for the removal of heavy metal ions had also prospected. This review will provide a new idea for the study of the adsorption mechanism of heavy metal ions on sorbents and the development of high-performance media for the efficient removal of pollutants in wastewater.

重金属污染已经威胁到生态环境和人类健康，因此，从各种复杂的基质中有效去除这些有毒污染物具有重要意义。到目前为止，吸附仍然是最有效的方法之一。金属有机骨架（MOF）是由金属离子或金属簇以及通过配位键形成的有机配体组成的多孔晶体材料。由于它们的高表面积，孔隙率以及良好的化学/热稳定性，这些材料最近在环境分析化学中引起了极大的关注。这篇评论主要集中在有关UiO系列MOF及其复合材料作为新兴MOF的应用的最新研究中，它们已被有效地用于从各种环境样品中吸附和去除多种重金属离子，并将其作为新型吸附材料。此外，详细介绍了UiO-MOF及其复合材料，包括合成方法以及这些材料在重金属离子去除中的应用。此外，还讨论了UiO-MOFs作为重金属离子固体吸附剂的吸附特性和机理，包括吸附等温线方程，吸附热力学和动力学。为此，也已经展望了用于去除重金属离子的基于MOF的复合材料的发展趋势。