The globin gene repertoire of gnathostome vertebrates is dictated by differential retention and loss of nine paralogous genes: androglobin, neuroglobin, globin X, cytoglobin, globin Y, myoglobin, globin E, and the α- and β-globins. We report the globin gene repertoire of three orders of modern amphibians: Anura, Caudata, and Gymnophiona. Combining phylogenetic and conserved synteny analysis, we show that myoglobin and globin E were lost only in the Batrachia clade, but retained in Gymnophiona. The major amphibian groups also retained different paralogous copies of globin X. None of the amphibian presented α^D-globin gene. Nevertheless, two clades of β-globins are present in all amphibians, indicating that the amphibian ancestor possessed two paralogous proto β-globins. We also show that orthologs of the gene coding for the monomeric hemoglobin found in the heart of Rana catesbeiana are present in Neobatrachia and Pelobatoidea species we analyzed. We suggest that these genes might perform myoglobin- and globin E-related functions. We conclude that the repertoire of globin genes in amphibians is dictated by both retention and loss of the paralogous genes cited above and the rise of a new globin gene through co-option of an α-globin, possibly facilitated by a prior event of transposition.

有颌类脊椎动物的珠蛋白基因的剧目是由差的保留和九个旁系同源基因丢失口述：androglobin，红蛋白，球蛋白X，细胞珠蛋白，球蛋白ÿ，肌红蛋白，球蛋白ē和α-和β -globins。我们报告了三个现代两栖动物目的珠蛋白基因库：无尾目、有尾目和 Gymnophiona。结合系统发育和保守同线性分析，我们表明肌红蛋白和珠蛋白 E仅在 Batrachia 分支中丢失，但保留在 Gymnophiona 中。主要的两栖类群还保留了珠蛋白 X 的不同旁系同源拷贝。所述水陆两用车辆的无呈现α ^d珠蛋白基因。尽管如此，所有两栖动物中都存在两个β-珠蛋白进化枝，这表明两栖动物的祖先拥有两个旁系同源的原始β-珠蛋白。我们还表明，在我们分析的 Neobatrachia 和 Pelobatoidea 物种中存在编码在Rana catesbeiana心脏中发现的单体血红蛋白的基因的直向同源物。我们建议这些基因可能执行肌红蛋白和珠蛋白 E-相关功能。我们得出结论，两栖动物中珠蛋白基因的库由上述旁系同源基因的保留和丢失以及通过α-珠蛋白的共同选择产生的新珠蛋白基因的上升所决定，这可能是由先前的转座事件促进的。