Recent innovations highlight the great potential of zero-dimensional materials of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) as attractive candidates for fabricating advanced nanofiltration membranes. In this study, a novel class of thin-film composite (TFC) nanofiltration membranes derived from assembled GQDs with amino/sulfonic modification (GQDs__N/S) as building blocks directly, is developed to achieve highly selective water transport for high-performance nanofiltration via interfacial polymerization. Based on the transport behavior, the intrinsically hydrophilic sulfonic groups are introduced to endow the membrane with stronger internal polarity and more accessible sites for easier water molecules infiltration, while engineering the nanochannels by covalently immobilizing GQDs between the terminal amino groups and trimesoyl chloride. Furthermore, an enhanced interparticle space with enlarged free volumes between GQDs is obtained for rapidly transporting water molecules inside the membrane, owing to the intercalation of sulfonic groups acting as spacers to break up the tightly stacking structure of GQDs. The resultant GQDs__N/S TFC membrane exhibits superior separation properties with high water permeance of 9.82 L m^-2 h^-1 bar^-1 and 97.4% rejection against Na₂SO₄, giving rise to more than 2-fold higher water permeability without obviously sacrificing the membrane selectivity, and revealing an outperformed separation property when compared to state-of-the-art nanofiltration membranes. Simultaneously, the sulfonic and amino sites firmly anchored on GQDs with custom-tailored functionality further enables the GQDs__N/S TFC membrane to perform an outstanding antifouling property and durability over the long-term operation condition. The proposed approach opens new pathways to fabricate highly permeable-selective nanofiltration membranes.

最新的创新突出了石墨烯量子点（GQD）零维材料作为制造先进的纳滤膜的诱人候选物的巨大潜力。在这项研究中，一类新的薄膜复合（TFC）纳滤膜是从氨基/磺酸修饰的组装GQD衍生而来的（GQDs_ _{N / S}）作为基础材料直接开发，旨在通过界面聚合实现高度选择性的水传输，以实现高性能纳米过滤。基于运输行为，引入固有的亲水性磺酸基团，使膜具有更强的内部极性和更易接近的位置，以使水分子更容易渗透，同时通过在末端氨基和间苯三甲酰氯之间共价固定GQD来工程化纳米通道。此外，由于插入了磺酸基团作为间隔物，破坏了GQD的紧密堆叠结构，GQD之间获得了更大的粒子间空间，并在GQD之间增加了自由体积，从而可以快速在膜内运输水分子。生成的GQDs_ _{N / S}TFC膜具有优异的分离性能，具有9.82 L m ^-2 h ^-1 bar ^-1的高透水率和97.4％的Na ₂ SO ₄截留率，在不明显降低膜选择性的情况下，使透水率提高了2倍以上，与最新的纳滤膜相比，其分离性能更好。同时，具有定制功能的GQD上牢固固定的磺酸和氨基位点进一步使GQDs_ _{N / S}TFC膜在长期运行条件下具有出色的防污性能和耐久性。所提出的方法为制造高渗透选择性纳滤膜开辟了新途径。