Abstract Shopping centres are commonly laid out as small individual stores connected by transitional spaces. Setpoint temperatures used to control transitional spaces are normally the same as in traditional indoor environments despite substantial differences in use, time of permanence and users' needs. Currently, there are no comfort guidelines for transitional spaces and the literature lacks relevant studies on the topic. There is an untapped potential for energy savings and improved indoor environmental quality. The main objective of this work is to evaluate the suitability of Fanger's comfort model and adaptive comfort model for transitional spaces. We assessed users' thermal perception and potential impacting factors in three Italian shopping centres. 724 customers were interviewed on their thermal comfort, thermal sensation, thermal preference, and clothing level while experiencing the transitional space. In addition, the thermal environment at the interview locations (dry-bulb temperature, globe temperature, relative humidity, and air speed at different levels) and the outdoor temperature were monitored. The study demonstrated that Fanger's model and the adaptive comfort model are not suitable for transitional spaces. Customers were inclined to adapt to a much wider range of indoor environmental conditions. An operative temperature of up to 27.5 °C was still deemed comfortable by more than 80% of the customers. These results unlock a large potential for energy savings and pave the way for passive solutions such as natural ventilation.

中文翻译：

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释放过渡空间的热舒适度：在三个意大利购物中心的实地研究

摘要 购物中心通常布置为由过渡空间连接的小型个体商店。用于控制过渡空间的设定温度通常与传统室内环境中的相同，尽管在使用、持续时间和用户需求方面存在巨大差异。目前，没有关于过渡空间的舒适性指南，文献也缺乏关于该主题的相关研究。在节能和改善室内环境质量方面还有未开发的潜力。这项工作的主要目的是评估 Fanger 舒适模型和自适应舒适模型对过渡空间的适用性。我们评估了三个意大利购物中心的用户热感知和潜在影响因素。724 位客户就他们的热舒适度、热感、在体验过渡空间的同时，热偏好和服装水平。此外，还对访谈地点的热环境（干球温度、地球温度、相对湿度和不同级别的风速）和室外温度进行了监测。研究表明，Fanger 模型和自适应舒适模型不适用于过渡空间。客户倾向于适应更广泛的室内环境条件。超过 80% 的客户仍然认为高达 27.5 °C 的操作温度是舒适的。这些结果释放了巨大的节能潜力，并为自然通风等被动解决方案铺平了道路。对访谈地点的热环境（干球温度、地球温度、相对湿度和不同级别的风速）和室外温度进行了监测。研究表明，Fanger 模型和自适应舒适模型不适用于过渡空间。客户倾向于适应更广泛的室内环境条件。超过 80% 的客户仍然认为高达 27.5 °C 的操作温度是舒适的。这些结果释放了巨大的节能潜力，并为自然通风等被动解决方案铺平了道路。对访谈地点的热环境（干球温度、地球温度、相对湿度和不同级别的风速）和室外温度进行了监测。研究表明，Fanger 模型和自适应舒适模型不适用于过渡空间。客户倾向于适应更广泛的室内环境条件。超过 80% 的客户仍然认为高达 27.5 °C 的操作温度是舒适的。这些结果释放了巨大的节能潜力，并为自然通风等被动解决方案铺平了道路。s 模型和自适应舒适模型不适用于过渡空间。客户倾向于适应更广泛的室内环境条件。超过 80% 的客户仍然认为高达 27.5 °C 的操作温度是舒适的。这些结果释放了巨大的节能潜力，并为自然通风等被动解决方案铺平了道路。s 模型和自适应舒适模型不适用于过渡空间。客户倾向于适应更广泛的室内环境条件。超过 80% 的客户仍然认为高达 27.5 °C 的操作温度是舒适的。这些结果释放了巨大的节能潜力，并为自然通风等被动解决方案铺平了道路。