The use of x-ray spectroscopy is considered for studying the specific distribution of alloying elements in structural components of heat-resistant nickel alloys, namely, between secondary carbides, since the role of carbides in the formation of the properties of these alloys is complex. Thermodynamic processes of separation of excesses of phases are theoretically modeled using the CALPHAD method in the JMatPro software suite. Also, structures and distributions of chemical elements in carbides are studied as functions of the alloying level using an REM-106I scanning electron microscope. Phase reactions in typical carbides M₂₃C₆ and M₆C in alloy ZhS6K tend to transform depending on the doping level by the given elements. Mathematical dependences of the infl uence of the alloying level on the carbide separation (dissolution) temperature and of changes in the alloy chemical composition on the contents of elements in the carbides are established. Carbide M₆C gradually degenerates as the Cr content increases and disappears at 11 mass%. A topologically close-packed phase is formed in the structure with 3 mass% Mo in the alloy. Carbide M₆C approaches the Mo-based monocarbide with 8 mass% Mo. Dependences of the carbide separation (dissolution) temperature on the amount of tungsten (W) in the alloy are calculated. The separation (dissolution) temperature of all carbides in the alloy increases as the W content in the alloy increases. A topologically closepacked phase separates in the alloy at a W concentration of 11 mass% and has negative effects on the properties of the studied system. The obtained dependences are experimentally confi rmed using x-ray spectroscopy on heatresistant Ni-based ZhS6K alloys. The stoichiometric formulas of the carbides are calculated. The theoretical and practical results are compared and found to be in agreement.

考虑到使用X射线光谱学来研究耐热镍合金的结构成分中，即二次碳化物之间合金元素的具体分布，因为碳化物在形成这些合金的性能中的作用很复杂。理论上，使用JMatPro软件包中的CALPHAD方法对分离过量相的热力学过程进行建模。此外，使用REM-106I扫描电子显微镜研究了碳化物中化学元素的结构和分布与合金化水平的关系。典型碳化物M ₂₃ C ₆和M _6中的相反应ZhS6K合金中的C倾向于根据给定元素的掺杂水平发生转变。建立了合金水平对碳化物分离（溶解）温度的影响以及合金化学成分变化对碳化物中元素含量的数学依赖性。碳化物M ₆ C随着Cr含量的增加而逐渐退化，并在11质量％时消失。在合金中含有3质量％Mo的组织中形成拓扑紧密堆积的相。硬质合金M ₆C接近具有8质量％Mo的Mo基一碳化物。计算出碳化物分离（溶解）温度对合金中钨（W）的量的依赖性。合金中所有碳化物的分离（溶解）温度随着合金中W含量的增加而增加。W中的浓度为11质量％时，拓扑紧密堆积的相在合金中分离，并且对所研究系统的性能产生负面影响。所获得的依赖性通过使用X射线光谱法在实验上确定了耐热Ni基ZhS6K合金。计算出碳化物的化学计量公式。比较了理论和实践结果，发现是一致的。