Spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) is defined as the presence of free air inside the pleural space. Many studies have reported that meteorological variables may trigger SP, but the mechanism is unknown. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of meteorological variables on the development of SP in two regions with different altitudes. The study was conducted in the Çanakkale (2 m above sea level) and the Erzurum region (1758 m). A total of 494 patients with SP who presented to the hospitals of the two regions between January 2011 and December 2016 were included in the study. The meteorological variables used included ambient temperature, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity, precipitation amount, wind speed, and wind direction (as north and south). The total 2192 days were divided into two as days with and without an SP case presentation. A 4-day period prior to the day a case presented was compared with the other days without any cases to investigate the presence of any lagged effect. Statistical significance was accepted at p < 0.05. Comparison of these two regions showed a significant difference between them. The meteorological variables of the regions that affect SP development were found to be low mean minimum temperature, high daily temperature change, low precipitation, low wind speed and north winds for Erzurum, and only rainy days for Çanakkale. The results have demonstrated that cold weather, sudden temperature changes, north winds, and low wind speed are risk factors for the development of SP at high altitudes.

中文翻译：

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气象变量对两个不同海拔地区自发性气胸的影响

自发性气胸 (SP) 被定义为胸膜腔内存在自由空气。许多研究报道了气象变量可能会触发SP，但其机制尚不清楚。本研究的目的是比较气象变量对两个不同海拔地区的 SP 发展的影响。该研究在恰纳卡莱（海拔 2 m）和埃尔祖鲁姆地区（1758 m）进行。研究共纳入了 2011 年 1 月至 2016 年 12 月期间在两个地区的医院就诊的 494 名 SP 患者。使用的气象变量包括环境温度、大气压力、相对湿度、降水量、风速和风向（如北风和南风）。总共 2192 天分为有和没有 SP 病例介绍的两天。将出现病例前 4 天的时间段与没有任何病例的其他日子进行比较，以调查是否存在任何滞后效应。在 p < 0.05 时接受统计显着性。这两个区域的比较表明它们之间存在显着差异。发现影响SP发展的地区的气象变量是埃尔祖鲁姆的平均最低气温低、日温变化大、降水量少、风速低和北风，而恰纳卡莱只有雨天。结果表明，寒冷天气、温度突变、北风和低风速是高海拔地区发展SP的危险因素。在 p < 0.05 时接受统计显着性。这两个区域的比较表明它们之间存在显着差异。发现影响SP发展的地区的气象变量是埃尔祖鲁姆的平均最低气温低、日温变化大、降水量少、风速低和北风，而恰纳卡莱只有雨天。结果表明，寒冷天气、温度突变、北风和低风速是高海拔地区发展SP的危险因素。在 p < 0.05 时接受统计显着性。这两个区域的比较表明它们之间存在显着差异。发现影响SP发展的地区的气象变量是埃尔祖鲁姆的平均最低气温低、日温变化大、降水量少、风速低和北风，而恰纳卡莱只有雨天。结果表明，寒冷天气、温度突变、北风和低风速是高海拔地区发展SP的危险因素。埃尔祖鲁姆的低风速和北风，恰纳卡莱只有雨天。结果表明，寒冷天气、温度突变、北风和低风速是高海拔地区发展SP的危险因素。埃尔祖鲁姆的低风速和北风，恰纳卡莱只有雨天。结果表明，寒冷天气、温度突变、北风和低风速是高海拔地区发展SP的危险因素。