Bats and birds are endangered by wind turbines, leading to a significant amount of fatalities in recent years, mainly due to a direct collision of the animals with the rotor blades or through barotrauma effects. The search for fatalities and the quantification of their number is an important tool to understand the adverse effects of wind turbines on bats and birds. This method has several problems: Cadavers do not always remain on site due to predators, only a part of the relevant area on the ground can be searched manually and not all fatalities can be found. This leads to the fact that searches, although extremely valuable in the analysis of animal mortality, are hardly used in practice due to the high effort and enormous costs. The present work closes this research gap by proposing a radar barrier approach that automatically detects animal fatality in real-time. Therefore, three FMCW radar systems are attached to the tower of a wind turbine at different heights. Subsequent processing of time-of-flight information enables a binary classification of whether a fatality was observed or not. This study presents the results from numerical simulations as well as preliminary experimental results for a proof of concept.

中文翻译：

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走向雷达障碍物以检测风力涡轮机的动物死亡：数值和初步实验结果

蝙蝠和鸟类受到风力涡轮机的威胁，近年来导致大量死亡，这主要是由于动物与转子叶片的直接碰撞或气压伤的影响。寻找死亡人数和量化死亡人数是了解风力涡轮机对蝙蝠和鸟类产生不利影响的重要工具。这种方法有几个问题：掠夺者并不总是将尸体留在现场，只能手动搜索地面上相关区域的一部分，而无法找到所有死亡人数。这导致以下事实：尽管在动物死亡率的分析中极为有价值，但由于付出了巨大的努力和巨大的成本，因此几乎没有在实践中使用。本工作通过提出一种能够自动实时检测动物死亡的雷达屏障方法来弥合这一研究差距。因此，三个FMCW雷达系统以不同的高度连接到风力涡轮机的塔架上。飞行时间信息的后续处理实现了是否观察到死亡的二进制分类。这项研究提供了数值模拟的结果以及初步的实验结果，以证明这一概念。