Previous studies have shown that α-linolenic acid (ALA) has a significant regulatory effect on related disorders induced by high-fat diets (HFDs), but little is known regarding the correlation between the gut microbiota and disease-related multitissue homeostasis. We systematically investigated the effects of ALA on the body composition, glucose homeostasis, hyperlipidemia, metabolic endotoxemia and systemic inflammation, white adipose tissue (WAT) homeostasis, liver homeostasis, intestinal homeostasis, and gut microbiota of mice fed an HFD (HFD mice). We found that ALA improved HFD-induced multitissue metabolic disorders and gut microbiota disorders to various degrees. Importantly, we established a complex but clear network between the gut microbiota and host parameters. Several specific differential bacteria were significantly associated with improved host parameters. Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group and Parasutterella were positively correlated with HFD-induced “harmful indicators” and negatively correlated with “beneficial indicators.” Intriguingly, Bilophila showed a strong negative correlation with HFD-induced multitissue metabolic disorders and a significant positive correlation with most beneficial indicators, which is different from its previous characterization as a “potentially harmful genus.” Turicibacter might be the key beneficial bacterium for ALA-improved metabolic endotoxemia, while Blautia might play an important role in ALA-improved gut barrier integrity and anti-inflammatory effects. The results suggested that the gut microbiota, especially some specific bacteria, played an important role in the process of ALA-improved multitissue homeostasis in HFD mice, and different bacteria might have different divisions of regulation.

中文翻译：

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饲喂高脂饮食的小鼠中α-亚麻酸改善的多组织稳态与肠道菌群的相关性

先前的研究表明，α-亚麻酸（ALA）对高脂饮食（HFD）诱发的相关疾病具有显着的调节作用，但对肠道菌群与疾病相关的多组织稳态之间的相关性知之甚少。我们系统地研究了ALA对喂食HFD的小鼠（HFD小鼠）的身体组成，葡萄糖稳态，高脂血症，代谢性内毒素血症和全身性炎症，白色脂肪组织（WAT）稳态，肝稳态，肠稳态和肠道菌群的影响。我们发现ALA在不同程度上改善了HFD诱发的多组织代谢异常和肠道菌群异常。重要的是，我们在肠道菌群和宿主参数之间建立了一个复杂但清晰的网络。Rikenellaceae _RC9_gut_group和Parasutterella与HFD诱导的“有害指标”正相关，而与“有益指标”负相关。有趣的是，Bilophila与HFD引起的多组织代谢紊乱具有极强的负相关性，而与最有益的指标则具有显着的正相关性，这与以前将其描述为“潜在有害类”不同。turicibacter可能是ALA改善的代谢内毒素血症的关键有益细菌，而Blautia可能在ALA改善的肠道屏障完整性和抗炎作用中起重要作用。结果表明，肠道菌群，特别是某些特定细菌，在ALA改善HFD小鼠多组织稳态中发挥了重要作用，不同细菌可能具有不同的调控区。