State estimation (SE) serves as the heart of the energy management systems in providing online database by processing slow‐sampled supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) measurements. The recent development of fast sampled phasor measurement units (PMUs) provides real‐time measurements that enable tracking of the system state; however, the associated high initial cost does not allow to completely replace the existing SCADA measurements by PMUs. This article thus attempts to employ both the SCADA and PMU measurements, and suggests a new SE scheme comprising of a static SE module (SSEM) that estimates system state at defined time interval in the order of minutes using both the SCADA and PMU measurements, and a fast state reconstructing module for tracking the system state using PMU measurements and the calculated pseudo measurements in place of SCADA measurements. The proposed scheme employs Broyden's approach that avoids repeated formation and factorization of the Jacobian and gain matrices, respectively while iteratively solving the nonlinear simultaneous equations. It exhibits superior computational efficiency of the suggested scheme by presenting simulation results of four standard test systems.

中文翻译：

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电力系统快速基于Broyden近似的加权最小二乘估计

状态估计（SE）是能源管理系统的核心，它通过处理缓慢采样的监督控制和数据采集（SCADA）测量来提供在线数据库。快速采样相量测量单元（PMU）的最新发展提供了实时测量，可以跟踪系统状态。但是，相关的高昂的初始成本无法用PMU完全替代现有的SCADA测量。因此，本文尝试同时使用SCADA和PMU测量，并提出了一个新的SE方案，该方案包括一个静态SE模块（SSEM），该模块使用SCADA和PMU测量以几分钟为单位在定义的时间间隔内估算系统状态，快速状态重建模块，用于使用PMU测量值和所计算的伪测量值代替SCADA测量值来跟踪系统状态。所提出的方案采用了Broyden的方法，该方法避免了迭代求解非线性联立方程的同时避免了Jacobian和增益矩阵的重复形成和分解。通过展示四个标准测试系统的仿真结果，它展示了建议方案的卓越计算效率。