An optimization approach for the seismic design of yielding moment‐resisting frames (MRFs) with nonlinear fluid viscous dampers (FVDs) is presented. As the optimal design of new buildings is addressed, no parameters are set a priori, and the properties of both the structural elements and the dampers are simultaneously optimized. The goal of the optimization is to minimize the cost of the system (structure + dampers), while code requirements and performance constraints are considered. The performance of the structure is evaluated using a nonlinear time history analysis (NTHA), accounting for the nonlinear behavior of both the MRF elements and the added FVDs. The optimization problem is first formulated as a mixed‐integer problem suitable for a solution by zero‐order optimization. Then, the problem is reformulated in a continuous differentiable form and solved using an efficient gradient‐based optimization approach. This is done by utilizing discrete material optimization (DMO) functions to achieve a good initial design for the cross‐sections and the FVDs. This initial design accounts for the important aspects of design, some directly and some indirectly. The responses of interest are computed using a probabilistic approach while considering ensembles of ground motions. Numerical examples show the robustness of the presented methodology and its efficiency demonstrated on a five‐story MRF and a real‐scale irregular nine‐story MRF.

中文翻译：

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具有非线性粘性阻尼器的抗弯钢框架基于优化的抗震设计

提出了一种采用非线性流体粘性阻尼器（FVDs）的抗弯框架抗震设计的优化方法。在解决新建筑物的最佳设计问题时，无需事先设置任何参数，并且同时优化结构元件和阻尼器的性能。优化的目的是在考虑代码要求和性能约束的同时，最小化系统成本（结构+阻尼器）。使用非线性时程分析（NTHA）评估结构的性能，考虑了MRF元素和添加的FVD的非线性行为。首先将优化问题表述为适用于零阶优化解决方案的混合整数问题。然后，该问题以连续的可微形式重新表示，并使用有效的基于梯度的优化方法来解决。这是通过利用离散材料优化（DMO）功能来实现横截面和FVD的良好初始设计而实现的。此初始设计直接或间接地说明了设计的重要方面。在考虑地面运动的合奏时，使用概率方法来计算感兴趣的响应。数值算例表明了该方法的鲁棒性，并在五层MRF和实际规模的不规则九层MRF上证明了其有效性。这是通过利用离散材料优化（DMO）功能来实现的，用于横截面和FVD的良好初始设计。此初始设计直接或间接地说明了设计的重要方面。在考虑地面运动的合奏时，使用概率方法来计算感兴趣的响应。数值算例表明了该方法的鲁棒性，并在五层MRF和实际规模的不规则九层MRF上证明了其有效性。这是通过利用离散材料优化（DMO）功能来完成的，用于横截面和FVD的良好初始设计。此初始设计直接或间接地说明了设计的重要方面。在考虑地面运动集合的同时，使用概率方法来计算感兴趣的响应。数值算例表明了所提出方法的鲁棒性，并在五层MRF和真实规模的不规则九层MRF上证明了其有效性。