Electrochemical studies of graphene oxide (GO) containing sulfur-oxygen functional group (sulfonated graphene) and its application as electrode material for supercapacitor and electrocatalytic oxidation of H${}_2$O₂ are demonstrated in this report. The sulfonated graphene (SGO) was synthesized using uniform heating of a homogeneous mixture of GO and ammonium sulfate at an elevated temperature $\sim$245 °C and characterized using FTIR, UV–Vis spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The electrochemical characterizations showed that the SGO exhibit the capacitance value as high as 248 F/g at current density 0.15 A/g along with superior cyclic stability ($\sim$80% retention of cyclic stability after 8000 cycles). Also, SGO showed excellent electrocatalytic activity towards H${}_2$O₂ oxidation and further, an electrochemical sensor for H${}_2$O₂ detection was fabricated in an aqueous medium with ultra-low detection limit and high sensitivity. The oxidation current was found to be increased linearly with H${}_2$O₂ concentration in the range of 10–100 $\mathrm{\mu }$M and 0.1–1 mM with a detection limit of 10.44 $\mathrm{\mu }$M and 0.038 mM respectively. The detailed kinetic study, including evaluation of kinetic parameters of the electro-oxidation process was also performed from the cyclic voltammetry study. We believe that this work will pave pathways towards diverse functional applications including electrocatalysis, non-enzymatic sensing in medical devices, energy harvesting and storage.

含硫氧官能团的氧化石墨烯（磺化石墨烯）的电化学研究及其在超级电容器和H的电催化氧化中的应用${}_2$O ₂在此报告中得到了证明。通过在高温下均匀加热GO和硫酸铵的均匀混合物来合成磺化石墨烯（SGO）$〜$245°C并使用FTIR，UV-Vis光谱和透射电子显微镜进行表征。电化学特性表明，SGO在电流密度为0.15 A / g时表现出高达248 F / g的电容值，并具有出色的循环稳定性（$〜$8000次循环后，保持80％的循环稳定性。此外，SGO对H表现出出色的电催化活性${}_2$O ₂氧化，以及用于H的电化学传感器${}_2$O ₂检测是在具有超低检测限和高灵敏度的水性介质中制备的。发现氧化电流随H线性增加${}_2$O ₂浓度在10-100之间$\mathrm{\mu }$M和0.1–1 mM，检出限为10.44 $\mathrm{\mu }$M和0.038 mM。还从循环伏安法研究中进行了详细的动力学研究，包括评估电氧化过程的动力学参数。我们相信这项工作将为各种功能应用铺平道路，包括电催化，医疗设备中的非酶传感，能量收集和存储。